Can three elbows generate any point in space?

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In summary, the question explores whether a mechanical system with three elbows can reach and position itself at any point in three-dimensional space. It delves into the concepts of degrees of freedom, kinematics, and the limitations of such a system in achieving full spatial reachability. The discussion highlights the mathematical and practical implications of joint configurations and mobility in robotic arms or similar constructs.
  • #1
petersng
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TL;DR Summary
Can three elbows generate any point in space?
Consider 3 elbows. One extremity is connected to a plane surface and may rotate 360° freely. The available extremity may be connected to another elbow only if the both faces "face" each other (normal vector aligned). Once one connect a second elbow, a second liberty degree is added, since one have two rotation axes.
Consider now three elbows connected. Is one able to reach any point in space with that configuration? Every normal vector possible in that space also generated in that configuration (i.e., could i potentially turn my albows so to connect a 4th elbow?).

Consider the length on elbow as bein L.
 
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  • #2
Hello. Your question is kind of odd. Would you happen to have an illustration?
 
  • #3
I think you only need one turn? Assuming your arms can have arbitrary length, the first arm can reach the (x,y,0) point corresponding to any (x,y,z), then you just make a single turn up or down and attach another arm of length z.

Are the lengths of the arms restricted in any way? E.g. the set of points you can reach with three unit length arms might be interesting
 
  • #4
petersng said:
TL;DR Summary: Can three elbows generate any point in space?

One extremity is connected to a plane surface and may rotate 360° freely.
That is a rather ambiguous description, could you clarify?

Is that rotation around the attachment point a rotation,
1) about the attachment point with the arm always parallel to the attachment plane
2) about the axis of the arm (as in palm-down vs palm-up)
3) 3-dimensional such that the distal end of the arm can touch any point on a hemisphere whose center is at the attachment point.

If both 2) and 3) are true for all of the joints, I believe (but have not proved) that the answer is Yes. (though there may be an inaccessible area near some of the joints)

Interesting gedankenexperiment!
(https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gedankenexperiment)

Cheers,
Tom
 
  • #5
Hello guys and I'm really sorry for my late response, notifications were sent directly to the spam folder... it's been solved.

I made a sketch in order to clarify using only two elbows. I wanna prove that if I use three elbows instead I can not only reach any point in space, but also any normal vector direction. Basically, to show that given a 4th elbow at a fixed distance (to be determined) i can connect it to the other 3 elbow assembly don't matter how this 4th elbow is inclined...

Elbows.jpg
 
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  • #6
Your description still seems ambiguous to me. First you say
petersng said:
only if the both faces "face" each other (normal vector aligned).
Then you show a diagram saying clearly that the faces do NOT have to face each other but rather than one leg of each has to align with another.

The only rational description of "normal vector" for an elbow is a line perpendicular to the plane in which the elbow sits. Is that your definition as well?
 
  • #7
My sketch is a 2D representation. One must imagine that an elbow is a 3D figure. The normal vector i mentioned if a line originated at the elbow's circular face ("hollow") that is perpendicular to this face. Please see the image https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/pvc-elbow-pipe-fitting-16508090862.html
That's just a way of saying that elbows must be aligned face to face to be connected (where face = circular hollow).
 
  • #8
Please make a SIMPLE 3D LINE DRAWING showing an elbow and the "normal vector". The drawing should only have 3 line segments
 

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