Canned motor design rotor magnetics

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In summary: If the sleeve was a perfect conductor, the entire incident field onto the sleeve would be cancelled in the forward direction, while all the magnetic field would be reflected back to the field windings.
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artis
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Randomly stumbled upon the canned motor , usually used for pumps to avoid a dynamic seal between the pump fluid and atmosphere.
What I cannot understand is this. It is a AC induction motor but the squirrel cage rotor is wrapped inside a sealed metal outer can. On top of that most designs also have a second steel sheet cylinder separating the rotor fluid compartment and stator.
That makes two cylindrical metal sheets between the stator and rotor squirrel cage bars.

So a simple question - how does the rotor bars get any induced current in them at all? Because from what I recall about EM a continual conducting sheet applied to a changing time varying magnetic field causes very strong eddy currents that oppose the applied field.

So what is the trick here? The metal cylinder made from an alloy of poor conductance and thin to minimize the eddy currents or else?
 
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artis said:
The metal cylinder made from an alloy of poor conductance and thin to minimize the eddy currents or else?
Yes, thin stainless steel can be non-magnetic and have quite a high electrical resistance.

The rotating field is three-phase, so the effective poles of the rotating field are much larger than the gaps between the stator windings. The eddy current loops are therefore large, so have long peripheral resistive conduction paths.

The currents induced in the sleeve produce a reverse field that only cancels a small part of the rotating field.
 
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Could it also be that having a 3 phase stator field, the reverse fields and currents produced within the two metal cylinder sleeves that are between the stator and rotor have currents that also cancel one another , at least partially ?

Somewhat similarly how a set of parallel loops that share one common conductor moved across magnet poles all get induced current in the same direction therefore the existence of the common conductor causes current cancellation?
 
  • #4
artis said:
Could it also be that having a 3 phase stator field, the reverse fields and currents produced within the two metal cylinder sleeves that are between the stator and rotor have currents that also cancel one another , at least partially ?
I think the (rotating) stator field will induce eddy currents in the first sleeve that will partly cancel the incident field in that forward direction. That reduces the magnitude, but does not change the sign of the magnetic field that passes through the first sleeve, to reach the second sleeve, where a similar attenuation occurs again.

If the sleeve was a perfect conductor, the entire incident field onto the sleeve would be cancelled in the forward direction, while all the magnetic field would be reflected back to the field windings.
 

FAQ: Canned motor design rotor magnetics

What are the key considerations in the design of rotor magnetics for canned motors?

Key considerations include the selection of magnetic materials, the design of the magnetic circuit, thermal management, the minimization of losses, and the mechanical integrity of the rotor. The choice of materials and design parameters directly impact the motor's efficiency, performance, and durability.

How does the choice of magnetic materials affect the performance of canned motors?

The choice of magnetic materials affects the efficiency, power density, and thermal performance of the motor. High-performance materials like rare-earth magnets (e.g., NdFeB) offer stronger magnetic fields and better efficiency but are more expensive. Ferrite magnets are more cost-effective but provide lower magnetic performance.

What are the common methods for minimizing losses in rotor magnetics?

Common methods include optimizing the magnetic circuit design to reduce eddy current and hysteresis losses, using laminated core materials to decrease eddy currents, and employing advanced cooling techniques to manage thermal losses. Proper alignment and precision manufacturing also play critical roles in minimizing losses.

How does thermal management impact the design of rotor magnetics in canned motors?

Thermal management is crucial because excessive heat can demagnetize the rotor magnets and degrade performance. Effective thermal management strategies include using materials with high thermal conductivity, incorporating cooling channels or systems, and designing the rotor to dissipate heat efficiently. Ensuring adequate ventilation and cooling can extend the motor's lifespan and maintain optimal performance.

What role does mechanical integrity play in the design of rotor magnetics for canned motors?

Mechanical integrity ensures that the rotor can withstand operational stresses, including centrifugal forces, vibrations, and thermal expansion. This involves selecting robust materials, precise manufacturing, and thorough testing. A mechanically sound design prevents rotor deformation, misalignment, and potential failure, ensuring reliable and safe motor operation.

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