Car Accident Physics - Are Wheels/Tires Good or Bad Energy Absorbers?

In summary, the conversation discusses a motor-vehicle accident where the speaker's car was hit from the side by another driver who admitted fault. Despite minimal damage to the vehicles, the speaker sustained a back injury and faced difficulty in getting proper compensation for it. The conversation then delves into a discussion about the possibility of wheels and tires being able to absorb impact and transfer energy to passengers, leading to a question about the severity of the accident. The conversation concludes by suggesting that the speaker should seek medical attention, have their car evaluated by a body shop, and consider legal options.
  • #1
kyphysics
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Here's an applied everyday life physics question based on a MVA (motor-vehicle accident) I was involved in a few weeks ago.

I was driving straight when a women hit me from the driver side (said she didn't see me due to being in her blind spot - her claim, not mine, as I don't know if I was or not). The damage on my car was outwardly minimal (2 out of 10). There were several scratches, a small dent (size off a penny), and some "paint transfer" (as they call it) right around my back wheel/tire area. Based on that evidence, she mainly hit my back wheel/tire.

She was at-fault and admitted it (honest and nice of her). She hit me at around 30-35 mph. It felt mostly "light," but still enough that I "jolted" around physically and had a back injury. My doctors think it's most likely an aggravation of existing disc injuries (I was already in physical therapy for several bulging and ruptured discs - I've posted about these before).

Long story short, the guilty party's claim adjuster wanted to practically deny ANY injury damages, but finally offered a few hundred dollars and said the lack of damage to the vehicles and description of events (incl. both of us saying it was a relatively low impact accident) lead her to see minimal or no damages (notwithstanding the paltry offer).

Here's the thing. I actually sort of see her side.*** o_O It's true. The vehicles do have very little damage. But, my body says something else and it is highly, highly, highly unlikely there was any other cause, given the temporal sequence of things and specific feelings I reported and had later confirmed by physical exam.

***Not that I agree with her, but just that I can see why she'd be skeptical.

But, what of the minimal car damage argument? I started thinking about things, Googling stuff, and wondered: Is it possible that wheels (which typically don't crumple like a "crumple zone" in the car body), which are seemingly very sturdy in their metallic frame, and the tires around them (which presumably can be very buoyant and deflect things and/or avoid "depression" like a cheap crumple zone part of a car) can somehow better "absorb" energy from a hit (without crumpling) and yet still somehow transfer that energy into passengers (me - the driver)?

Put differently. Could tires/wheels take impact better than the body of the car and as such not look as bad post-"hit," while still transferring equal or more energy (as if being hit in a more "crumple-y" area) onto passengers?
 
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  • #2
Sorry, we can't give opinions on crashes other than to say you need:

1. A doctor to evaluate the injury.

2. A body shop to estimate/fix the damage.

3. A lawyer to evaluate if there's a lawsuit here.
 
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FAQ: Car Accident Physics - Are Wheels/Tires Good or Bad Energy Absorbers?

How do wheels and tires contribute to energy absorption during a car accident?

Wheels and tires play a limited role in energy absorption during a car accident. They primarily serve to provide traction and stability. While tires can deform and absorb some energy upon impact, the majority of energy absorption is handled by the vehicle's crumple zones and safety structures designed to deform and dissipate energy.

Are tires effective at reducing the impact force in a collision?

Tires are not particularly effective at reducing the impact force in a collision. Their primary function is to maintain contact with the road surface and provide a smooth ride. While they do deform slightly and can absorb some energy, their contribution to overall impact force reduction is minimal compared to other structural components of the vehicle.

What role do tire pressure and tire type play in energy absorption during a crash?

Tire pressure and tire type can influence the behavior of a vehicle during a crash, but their impact on energy absorption is relatively minor. Proper tire pressure ensures optimal contact with the road and can affect handling, but it does not significantly alter the energy absorption characteristics. Different tire types (e.g., all-season, performance) may have varying levels of stiffness and deformation, but again, their role in energy absorption during a crash is limited.

How does the design of a car's suspension system impact the energy absorption of wheels and tires?

The design of a car's suspension system affects how forces are transmitted through the wheels and tires to the rest of the vehicle. A well-designed suspension can help manage the distribution of impact forces, but it does not significantly enhance the energy absorption capabilities of the wheels and tires themselves. The suspension mainly helps maintain vehicle stability and control during and after an impact.

Can modifications to wheels and tires improve a vehicle's crashworthiness?

Modifications to wheels and tires, such as changing tire size or type, have a limited effect on a vehicle's crashworthiness. While they can improve handling and performance, the primary factors that determine crashworthiness are the vehicle's structural design, crumple zones, and safety features like airbags and seatbelts. Therefore, focusing on these aspects is more effective in improving crash safety than modifying wheels and tires.

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