Center of mass of fluid in rotating cylinder

In summary, the center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder is dependent on the shape of the cylinder and the distribution of the fluid within it. For a uniform distribution of fluid, the center of mass will lie at the geometric center of the cylinder. However, if the fluid is not evenly distributed, the center of mass will shift towards the side with more fluid. This concept is important in understanding the behavior of rotating fluids and can be used in various applications, such as designing efficient centrifuges.
  • #1
homedoc
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Homework Statement


A closed cylindrical canister with central axis coincident with the Z axis has a height H and a radius R. It is suspended by a rod coincident with the Y axis that passes through the canister, transecting its central axis at a height h above the bottom surface of the canister with h > 0.5H.
A volume V of a uniform fluid with density d is placed in the canister (V ≤ 0.2∏R^2H). Derive the equation describing the locus in the XZ plane of the center of mass of the fluid as the cylinder pivots around the rod such that the axis of the cylinder with respect to the Z axis varies from -80 to +80 degrees.


Homework Equations


V=∏R^2H
For other equations see http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CylindricalWedge.html
and http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CylindricalSegment.html.



The Attempt at a Solution


I have been working on this for a week and cannot seem to conceptualize a method for solving the problem. I would greatly appreciate any help and/or suggestions.
 
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  • #2
I think you need to assume that the fluid is stationary at any position of the cylinder. Meaning that the cylinder moves very very slowly. Because if not, arbitrary motions of the cylinder could produce very violent motions in the fluid, which one could model only numerically.

Assuming the fluid is stationary at every angle of tilt, its surface must be horizontal. That's enough to determine its shape and with the shape its center of mass. Then you do this for all the possible angles of tilt, and you get the locus.
 

FAQ: Center of mass of fluid in rotating cylinder

What is the center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder?

The center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder is the point at which the entire mass of the fluid can be considered to be concentrated, and the cylinder can be balanced on a single support without tipping over.

How is the center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder calculated?

The center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder can be calculated using the equation: xcm = (r1^2 + r2^2)/2r1, where xcm is the distance from the axis of rotation to the center of mass, r1 is the radius of the cylinder, and r2 is the radius of the fluid's surface.

How does the rotation speed of the cylinder affect the center of mass of the fluid?

The faster the rotation speed of the cylinder, the higher the center of mass of the fluid will be. This is because the centrifugal force increases with the rotational speed, pushing the fluid towards the outer edge of the cylinder.

What factors can affect the position of the center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder?

The position of the center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder can be affected by the density, viscosity, and shape of the fluid, as well as the radius and rotation speed of the cylinder.

Why is the center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder important to study?

The center of mass of a fluid in a rotating cylinder is important to study because it helps in understanding the stability and equilibrium of the system. It also has practical applications in industries such as aerospace and fluid mechanics, where the behavior of fluids in rotating systems is crucial.

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