Chemical and Bio-chemical Sensor

[OPIH]

I was trying to find some information regarding nanotube-embedded chemical and bio-chemical sensors and especially information comparing such sensors to classical capacitive sensors. For example, I need answers to such questions as how can capacitance be detected at the nanoscale? To what tolerance (or percent difference) would such a detector be able to detect the capacitance changes?
I am studying MOS capacitors both that include nanotubes and ones that include metal plates. I am interested in any experimental or documented data available on this topic. Please send me references to papers or books or any other information. Papers are generally preferred. I am also interested in general information about traditional and nanotube capacitive chemical and bio-chemical sensors.
I greatly appreciate your help in advance.

 

[Ouabache]

What sort of information have you already found?
Have you tried a net search engine?
I found several good hits on this one

 

[ravenprp]

Chemical and bio-chemical sensors are devices used to detect and measure the presence of specific chemical compounds or biochemical substances in a given sample. These sensors are crucial in various industries, including medical, environmental, and food safety, as they provide real-time and accurate information on the chemical composition of a sample.

One type of sensor that has gained significant attention in recent years is the nanotube-embedded sensor. These sensors utilize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the sensing element, which offers several advantages over traditional sensors, including high sensitivity, selectivity, and low power consumption. These sensors work by detecting changes in the electrical properties of the CNTs when exposed to specific chemicals or biochemicals.

One of the main advantages of using nanotubes in chemical and bio-chemical sensors is their ability to detect capacitance changes at the nanoscale. This means that even the smallest changes in the sample's chemical composition can be detected, allowing for highly sensitive and accurate measurements. The tolerance or percent difference that these sensors can detect depends on various factors, such as the type of CNTs used, the sensing mechanism, and the sample's properties. However, studies have shown that nanotube-embedded sensors can detect changes in capacitance in the range of picofarads (10^-12) to femtofarads (10^-15).

In terms of comparing nanotube-embedded sensors to classical capacitive sensors, the former offers several advantages. Firstly, the use of CNTs allows for a larger surface area, providing more sites for chemical interactions, leading to increased sensitivity. Additionally, CNTs have a high aspect ratio, meaning they have a large length-to-diameter ratio, allowing for more significant changes in capacitance to be detected. Moreover, nanotube-embedded sensors have a much lower power consumption compared to traditional sensors, making them suitable for portable and low-power applications.

There have been numerous studies and research papers published on nanotube-embedded chemical and bio-chemical sensors, providing experimental and documented data on their performance. A quick search on online databases such as Google Scholar or ScienceDirect can provide you with a list of relevant papers on this topic. Some recommended papers include "Carbon nanotube-based chemical and biological sensors" by S. Kumar et al. and "Nanotube-based sensors for detecting chemical and biological species" by M. J. Natan et al.

In conclusion, nanotube-embedded chemical