Circular Movement: Does Velocity Matter?

In summary, the conversation discusses the concept of approximate circular movement and the factors that influence it. The main question is whether an object with a slightly off velocity can still move in an approximate circular motion, and if so, how does the work done towards the center of rotation compare to a stationary object being pulled in by the same force. The conversation also touches on the stability of trajectories and gives an example of how spacecrafts change altitude.
  • #1
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In nature there doesn't exist perfect circular movement, yet you can always approximate what looks like a circular movement with a perfect one. My question is this:
When a circular movement is not perfect, say an object has a tangetial velocity of v-ε in a radius where a velocity of v is required for perfect circular movement and ε is a tiny number.
Will the object then move in an approximate circular movement? My intuition says of course because everyday we observe lots of approximate circular motions. However, something for me says no, because when the velocity is not perfectly right you can't apply the F[itex]\bullet[/itex]v = 0 and that's mean that work will be done on the object towards the centre of rotation. Gradually then the object will move towards the centre. My question is - for this situation where the object has a velocity that is nearly sufficient for a circular motion - will the work done per time towards the centre of rotation be less than if the object was lying still and being pulled in by same inwards force.
Hope this made at least somewhat sense
 
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  • #2
Depends on what is constraining the motion - what you are asking about is the stability of a trajectory. It is how planetary orbits tend to be ellipses - but also how most of the stable orbits tend to be close to circular. But there are many other ways to get a circular motion - the object could be a ball rolling along a circular track for example, or a ball swinging around on a cord.
 
  • #3

Related to Circular Movement: Does Velocity Matter?

1. What is circular movement and how is it different from linear movement?

Circular movement is the motion of an object around a fixed point, also known as its center of rotation. This is in contrast to linear movement, which is when an object moves in a straight line. In circular movement, the object follows a circular path and constantly changes direction.

2. How does velocity affect circular movement?

Velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction. In circular movement, velocity is constantly changing as the object moves around the center of rotation. The direction of the velocity is always tangent to the circular path and the speed is determined by the object's angular velocity and the radius of the circular path.

3. Can circular movement occur without a change in velocity?

No, circular movement requires a change in velocity because the object is constantly changing direction as it moves around the center of rotation. This change in direction results in a change in velocity, even if the speed remains constant.

4. How does the radius of the circular path affect circular movement?

The radius of the circular path has a direct impact on the speed of the object in circular movement. The larger the radius, the greater the distance the object has to travel in one revolution, resulting in a higher speed. A smaller radius will result in a shorter distance traveled and a lower speed.

5. What is the relationship between centripetal force and circular movement?

Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path. In circular movement, the centripetal force is always directed towards the center of rotation and is equal to the product of the object's mass, its velocity squared, and the radius of the circular path. It is essential for maintaining circular movement and preventing the object from flying off in a straight line.

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