Collision course trajectory / velocity

In summary, the conversation discusses the calculation of velocities for different orbital trajectories around a massive body, including circular, parabolic, and hyperbolic trajectories. It is mentioned that a new calculation must be made for a trajectory that leads to a collision with the massive body, taking into account the radius of the objects. The conversation ends with a request for assistance in calculating the required velocity for a crash course trajectory.
  • #1
CarlosMarti12
8
0
Hello everyone!

I have calculated the velocities required for an orbiting body to follow a circular, parabolic, and hyperbolic trajectory around another massive body, which are the following:

[itex]v_{circular} = \sqrt{\frac{\mu}{r}} = \sqrt{\frac{GM}{r}}[/itex]
Geostat.gif


[itex]v_{parabolic} = \sqrt{\frac{2\mu}{r}} = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{r}} = v_{circular} \times \sqrt{2}[/itex]
Parabolic_orbit.gif


[itex]v_{hyperbolic} > v_{parabolic}[/itex]
Hyperbolic_orbit.gif


An article about the different orbital trajectories can be found here: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Astrodynamics/Orbit_Basics

I am now trying to calculate the velocity required for an orbiting body to follow a trajectory that leads to a collision with the massive body. Of course, we would now have to factor in the radius of the objects, since we could previously consider them point masses to calculate their trajectories. But bodies have extension (in this case, spherical would be sufficient), and their extension must be taken into account to calculate collisions. So we must add the radius of the objects, [itex]r_{body}[/itex] into the equation... somehow.

I have failed to find a way to do this based on the parameters shown above (gravitational constant, mass, distance, radii), though I highly expect I'm missing something (perhaps something obvious). Does anyone know how to calculate the velocity required for an orbiting body to enter a crash course trajectory with a massive body?

Any help, as always, would be greatly appreciated!
 
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  • #2
Use your calculation to get the minimum distance from the center of the massive object. If it is less than the radius you have a collision.
 

FAQ: Collision course trajectory / velocity

How do you calculate the trajectory and velocity of a collision course?

The trajectory and velocity of a collision course can be calculated by using the principles of physics, specifically the laws of motion and conservation of momentum. To calculate the trajectory, you need to know the initial position, velocity, and acceleration of the objects involved in the collision. The velocity can be calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken, and the trajectory can be determined by plotting the position of the objects over time.

What factors affect the trajectory and velocity of a collision course?

The trajectory and velocity of a collision course can be affected by several factors such as the mass, speed, and direction of the objects involved, as well as external forces like friction and air resistance. The angle of impact and the elasticity of the objects can also play a significant role in determining the trajectory and velocity of a collision.

How can you predict the outcome of a collision based on the trajectory and velocity?

By using the laws of motion and conservation of momentum, it is possible to predict the outcome of a collision based on the trajectory and velocity of the objects involved. If the collision is elastic, meaning there is no loss of energy, the objects will bounce off each other with the same velocity and trajectory as before. If the collision is inelastic, meaning there is a loss of energy, the objects will stick together and move with a combined trajectory and velocity.

Can a collision course trajectory and velocity be altered?

Yes, a collision course trajectory and velocity can be altered by changing the initial conditions or introducing external forces. For example, by changing the direction or speed of an object, or by applying a force such as friction, the trajectory and velocity of a collision can be altered. Additionally, the elasticity of the objects can also impact the trajectory and velocity of a collision.

How can the knowledge of collision course trajectory and velocity be applied in real life?

The understanding of collision course trajectory and velocity has various real-life applications, such as in the fields of engineering and transportation. By knowing the trajectory and velocity of objects in motion, engineers can design structures and vehicles that can withstand collisions. In transportation, this knowledge is used to design safer roads and vehicles, as well as to predict and prevent potential collisions between moving objects.

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