Concept question on External force

In summary: The simple answer is that centripetal force = centripetal acceleration x mass of the car.So if the car has more mass, then the force is stronger and the car will move more slowly.
  • #1
crysland
12
0
Describe a situation in which the net external force is not zero, but its speed remains constant.

I don't know if this situation is possible to explain.
 
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  • #2
What does Newton's 1st law say?
 
  • #3
An object stays at rest, or if in motion, stays in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force.
 
  • #4
crysland said:
An object stays at rest, or if in motion, stays in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force.
Good. Note the key word velocity. How does that differ from speed?
 
  • #5
Velocity has both magnitude and direction but speed doesn't have direction
 
  • #6
crysland said:
Velocity has both magnitude and direction but speed doesn't have direction
Exactly! So see if you can try to answer the question now.

Give an example of something with constant speed but not constant velocity.
 
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  • #7
A car going in a circle.
 
  • #8
crysland said:
A car going in a circle.
How about a car following any curved path while moving at constant speed? A section of road could be similar to a sine wave, ellipse, spiral, parabola, ..., and a car would be able to follow that path while moving at constant speed.
 
  • #9
crysland said:
A car going in a circle.
Your answer is definitely correct! :smile:
But, as the next post shows, other similar situations also exist.
 
  • #10
Ok so what is the net external force acting on the car?
 
  • #11
crysland said:
Ok so what is the net external force acting on the car?
Do you remember the expression for centripetal acceleration?
 
  • #12
Yes. So centripetal force that pulls it toward the center is external?
 
  • #13
Certainly.
 
  • #14
arildno said:
Do you remember the expression for centripetal acceleration?
That would be speed^2 / (radius of curvature), which gets complicated for paths other than a circle.

crysland said:
Yes. So centripetal force that pulls it toward the center is external?
The simple answer is that centripetal force = centripetal acceleration x mass of the car.
 

FAQ: Concept question on External force

What is external force?

External force is a force that acts on an object from outside of the object itself. This force can cause the object to change its motion or shape.

What are some examples of external forces?

Examples of external forces include gravity, friction, air resistance, and contact forces such as pushing or pulling.

How does external force affect an object's motion?

External forces can cause an object to speed up, slow down, change direction, or stop moving altogether. The magnitude and direction of the external force determine how the object's motion will change.

Can external forces cancel each other out?

Yes, external forces can cancel each other out if they are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. This is known as a balanced force and it results in no change in an object's motion.

How do external forces affect an object's shape?

External forces can cause an object to change its shape by exerting pressure on the object. This can result in stretching, compression, or deformation of the object depending on the direction and magnitude of the external force.

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