Conceptual question - radioactive nucleus stability

In summary, a radioactive nucleus is the central part of an atom that contains unstable particles and undergoes radioactive decay to become more stable. The stability of a radioactive nucleus is determined by the balance between the strong nuclear force and the electromagnetic force, and is affected by factors such as the neutron-to-proton ratio, size, and energy of the nucleus. Through the process of radioactive decay, a radioactive nucleus can become stable. The stability of a radioactive nucleus is important in determining its use in scientific research and applications, such as medical treatments and nuclear power.
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Homework Statement



A [itex]^{238}_{92} U[/itex] nucleus can catch a neutron with small kinetical energy. Then we'll get a [itex]^{239}_{92} U[/itex] nucleus. This nucleus has too many neutrons compared to the number of protons to be stable. How can the nucleus achieve a better balance between neutrons and protons without fissioning?

Homework Equations


N/A

The Attempt at a Solution



send out [itex]\alpha[/itex]-particle(s)? That's not considered fission, right?
 
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FAQ: Conceptual question - radioactive nucleus stability

What is a radioactive nucleus?

A radioactive nucleus is the central part of an atom that contains unstable particles, known as radioactive isotopes. These unstable particles undergo radioactive decay, meaning they emit radiation in the form of alpha, beta, or gamma particles, in order to become more stable.

How is the stability of a radioactive nucleus determined?

The stability of a radioactive nucleus is determined by the balance between the strong nuclear force, which holds the nucleus together, and the electromagnetic force, which pushes protons apart. If this balance is disrupted, the nucleus becomes unstable and will decay to achieve a more stable state.

What factors affect the stability of a radioactive nucleus?

The main factors that affect the stability of a radioactive nucleus are the ratio of protons to neutrons (known as the neutron-to-proton ratio), the size of the nucleus, and the amount of energy within the nucleus. A higher neutron-to-proton ratio, larger nucleus, and excess energy can all contribute to a less stable nucleus.

Can a radioactive nucleus become stable?

Yes, a radioactive nucleus can become stable through the process of radioactive decay. This involves the emission of particles or energy from the nucleus until it reaches a more stable state. The rate of decay can vary greatly depending on the specific isotope and its half-life, which is the time it takes for half of the original sample to decay.

How does the stability of a radioactive nucleus affect its use in scientific research and applications?

The stability of a radioactive nucleus is crucial in determining its usefulness in scientific research and applications. Some unstable isotopes are used in medical treatments, while others are used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity. By understanding the stability of these isotopes, scientists can better predict their behavior and potential hazards.

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