Covid Long Haulers: Statistics Show Potential for Serious Health Issue

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In summary, Covid-19 appears to have a number of long-term health effects that doctors are still trying to understand. Some patients are struggling to fully recover, while others have developed new health problems. There is much more research that needs to be done in order to fully understand the effects of Covid-19 on humans.
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An interesting article on Covid long-haulers appeared in our local newspaper - the Courier Mail in Brisbane. Unfortunately it is behind a paywall - but a precis follows.

Start of precis:

Gary Macpherson could pull a golf cart around 18 holes without effort. He’d climb the six flights of stairs to his rooftop garden in inner-Brisbane’s Newstead, no puffing required. He’d eat and drink what he liked.

That was before he keeled over in the emergency department of the Royal Brisbane Hospital on March 30 last year with Covid. He spent six weeks in intensive care, most of that in an induced coma.

He survived, and at 62, now a Long COVID sufferer. He went through the painful rehab for his wasted muscles. He slept for most of the day in the first months back home, returning to work in September, and even then only in the mornings.

It’s been almost a year now and exertion leaves him short of breath. His kidney function has not returned to its pre-COVID healthy condition. Macpherson’s kidney function test score used to be about 80 per cent (average for his age); today it’s at a concerning 40.

Some recover after a month; others have lived with their symptoms for more than a year. It’s feared permanent damage may be done. Scientists are growing increasingly alarmed about just what is going on – silently, often undetected – in the heart, brain, kidneys and lungs of former COVID-19 patients.

Doctors are warning that patients who have survived COVID-19 may be left with longer-term health problems. Post-viral illness is not new; people can take weeks to recover from influenza and many who suffer the once-maligned chronic fatigue syndrome report its onset after battling a virus. But the numbers of those afflicted by Long COVID are huge. Some doctors think it could be “the pandemic on the pandemic”.

Dr Fauci, estimates more than 10% of COVID patients will develop what is also called post-acute COVID syndrome, while Professor Danny Altmann, from Imperial College London, says it could be as high as 20 per cent. The number of COVID cases globally is 110 million, so at 10 per cent, that’s 11 million people. Already, post-COVID clinics are being established in hard-hit cities.

It’s not only those who were severely ill, like Macpherson, who suffer this ongoing syndrome. Some hospitals and clinics report the majority of those unable to fully recover from their brush with the SARS-CoV-2 virus had mild symptoms that did not require hospitalisation.

It’s not only older people who battle to recover. Many young people are reporting far worse ongoing symptoms than the sniffle and headache they had with the virus. Social media pages set up by long haulers are filled with the stories of once active, fit, young people now laid up in bed or unable to work because they can’t think clearly. A study of young, low-risk patients in the UK found that 66 per cent had impairments in one or more organs four months after their initial infection. About 15% of Ohio State University’s college athletes who had COVID-19 now have myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle.

Answers are being sought. But, as we all know, COVID-19 threw the medical world into “uncharted territory”. Long COVID, with its multifaceted, hard-to-define nature, could prove even more difficult for science to navigate.

End Precis.

Statistics from Scotland show the Oxford vaccine, even after one shot, is after 35 days 75% effective in preventing Covid, but 95% in preventing hospitalizations. If that extra 20% that get it, but do not go to hospital, have the same percentage of long-haulers as those not vaccinated, even with the vaccine, we could be in for a serious long term health issue. I think more research is required.

Thanks
Bill
 
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Wow! This is reminiscent of the theme behind a Robin Williams movie where he's a doctor in a ward of patients that are catatonic due to encephalitis lethargica.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awakenings


I fear that Covid-19 may have other surprises in store for humanity.
 
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The symptoms are similar to chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis or ME:

These symptoms, sometimes called “post-viral fatigue syndrome”, have been reported by sufferers of many viral diseases including influenza, glandular fever, SARS, and now COVID-19.

Post-viral fatigue syndrome

"There may well be a post-viral syndrome associated with COVID-19," Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation's top infectious disease doctor, said

Possible link between Covid and ME
 
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An opinion piece published in STAT News questions some of the claims of long Covid in people with who had mild or asymptomatic disease:

First, consider that at least some people who identify themselves as having long Covid appear never to have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In Yong’s influential article, he cites a survey of Covid long-haulers in which some two-thirds of them had negative Coronavirus antibody tests — blood tests that reveal prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Meanwhile, a survey organized by a group of self-identified long Covid patients that recruited participants from online support groups reported in late December 2020 that around two-thirds of those surveyed who had undergone blood testing reported negative results.

Admittedly, while blood tests are reported as highly sensitive and specific, they are imperfect and can yield both false positives and false negatives. And there is some evidence that antibodies can wane over time. But only to an extent: study after study has found that antibodies remain positive in a majority of people with confirmed infections for many months. So it’s highly probable that some or many long-haulers who were never diagnosed using PCR testing in the acute phase and who also have negative antibody tests are “true negatives.”

Why does this matter? For one thing, if some proportion of long Covid patients were never infected with SARS-COV-2, it shows that it’s possible for anyone to misattribute chronic symptoms to this virus. That’s not particularly surprising, since the symptoms of acute SARS-CoV-2 are often not unique, and can be caused by other respiratory infections. But what’s more notable is that the late-December survey also found virtually no difference in the long-haul symptom burden between those with and without antibody evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (or any positive test), which undercuts the likelihood of a causative role for SARS-CoV-2 as the predominant driver of chronic symptoms in that cohort.
https://www.statnews.com/2021/03/22...re-critically-speaking-cautiously-long-covid/
 
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I was talking with a pediatrician (and family doctor) today who mentioned that they are treating children (pre-teens and teenagers) who had Covid-19. They are finding cardiac problems (e.g., arrythmia), inflammation of the blood vessels, and in one case, so far, stroke. It appears that some children and adults develop an ongoing inflammation rather than an infection, and the concern is that this segment of the population could develop comorbidities with respect to various diseases and chronic illnesses.
 
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Astronuc said:
It appears that some children and adults develop an ongoing inflammation rather than an infection, and the concern is that this segment of the population could develop comorbidities with respect to various diseases and chronic illnesses.
I, too, have heard similar stories in the press and interviews with doctors. It seems more prevalent with the newer strains. It is one of those things that makes me both mad and sad - sad for the people it happened to and mad at people that think this is just a bad strain of the flu.

Thanks
Bill
 
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I believe I had Covid in late March 2020, and ever since then I've had weird throat/lung pain. I've also felt fatigued constantly, but I assumed that was from mental health/stress or just laziness.

Recently, I've also had symptoms consistent with mycarditis, but I thought that could be from the vaccine since it has been reported to be a rare side effect.

I'm a little worried Covid has permanently damaged me, and my case was only moderate and I'm fairly young.
 
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Studies that have attempted to look systematically for cardiovascular problems after mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 have not found elevated levels of cardiovascular problems. For example:

Prospective Case-Control Study of Cardiovascular Abnormalities 6 Months Following Mild COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936878X21003569

Abstract:
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to detect cardiovascular changes after mild severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection.

Background
Concern exists that mild Coronavirus disease 2019 may cause myocardial and vascular disease.

Methods
Participants were recruited from COVIDsortium, a 3-hospital prospective study of 731 health care workers who underwent first-wave weekly symptom, polymerase chain reaction, and serology assessment over 4 months, with seroconversion in 21.5% (n = 157). At 6 months post-infection, 74 seropositive and 75 age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched seronegative control subjects were recruited for cardiovascular phenotyping (comprehensive phantom-calibrated cardiovascular magnetic resonance and blood biomarkers). Analysis was blinded, using objective artificial intelligence analytics where available.

Results
A total of 149 subjects (mean age 37 years, range 18 to 63 years, 58% women) were recruited. Seropositive infections had been mild with case definition, noncase definition, and asymptomatic disease in 45 (61%), 18 (24%), and 11 (15%), respectively, with 1 person hospitalized (for 2 days). Between seropositive and seronegative groups, there were no differences in cardiac structure (left ventricular volumes, mass, atrial area), function (ejection fraction, global longitudinal shortening, aortic distensibility), tissue characterization (T1, T2, extracellular volume fraction mapping, late gadolinium enhancement) or biomarkers (troponin, N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide). With abnormal defined by the 75 seronegatives (2 SDs from mean, e.g., ejection fraction <54%, septal T1 >1,072 ms, septal T2 >52.4 ms), individuals had abnormalities including reduced ejection fraction (n = 2, minimum 50%), T1 elevation (n = 6), T2 elevation (n = 9), late gadolinium enhancement (n = 13, median 1%, max 5% of myocardium), biomarker elevation (borderline troponin elevation in 4; all N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide normal). These were distributed equally between seropositive and seronegative individuals.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular abnormalities are no more common in seropositive versus seronegative otherwise healthy, workforce representative individuals 6 months post–mild severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection.

See also:
https://www.statnews.com/2021/05/14/setting-the-record-straight-there-is-no-covid-heart/
https://www.physicsforums.com/threa...ptomatic-covid-19-in-college-athletes.994340/
 
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I found something interesting about long covid:
Long COVID and severe COVID-19 infections associated with Epstein-Barr virus reactivation
...
"We ran Epstein-Barr virus serological tests on COVID-19 patients at least 90 days after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, comparing EBV reactivation rates of those with long COVID symptoms to those who never experienced long COVID symptoms," said lead study author Jeffrey E. Gold of World Organization. "We found over 73% of COVID-19 patients who were experiencing long Covid symptoms were also positive for EBV reactivation."
...
"If a direct role for EBV reactivation in long COVID is supported by further studies, this would provide opportunities to improve the rational diagnosis of this condition and to consider the therapeutic value of anti-herpesvirus agents such as ganciclovir."
Source:
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/612727
 
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Astronuc said:
I wonder if the numbers are correct.

They are not sure of the numbers. It could be as high as 1/3 of cases are long covid. It is something I think more research is very much needed. It could prove to be the most dangerous issue with covid. Current vaccines are very efficient at preventing hospitalisation and death - but perhaps not long covid. As we open up more, most may get covid, and we could have a vast number who get the sniffles but are left with long covid. A very depressing thought.

Thanks
Bill
 
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Michelle De La Isla describes herself as one of the healthiest people she knows. She is a biker and runner, so when she caught the Coronavirus in January, the Topeka, Kan., mayor said she expected a speedy recovery.

Eight months and three hospitalizations later, the 45-year-old mom of three — who ran for Congress in 2020 — says she will have a pacemaker implanted next week to fix heart damage inflicted by the virus. De La Isla is one of millions thought to be suffering from long-haul covid, a lingering condition that leaves some facing heart palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, joint pain and other health problems months after their initial illness.
https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/a-45-year-old-kansas-mayor-needs-a-pacemaker-after-a-long-haul-covid-fight-i-thought-i-was-going-to-beat-it/ar-AANeg4Y

The Washington Post has reported that "research in England released in June found as many as 2 million people living there were experiencing long-haul symptoms."
 
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Another study from Ireland found abnormal blood clotting markers in 50 recovered long haul patients. It seems all of the patients studied had the markers, and (I think) due to small sample size, they found a weak association to severity of Covid to the levels of the biomarkers - more intense disease-> higher levels.

If we assume this series of tests does associate with root causes it would be useful if for no other reason than weeding out some "not-long haulers" from future studies.

Anyway, a larger study should be undertaken. It would be more feasible in countries that keep records and sera on patients, like the UK. Otherwise, the cost of a well designed RCT on existing patients would likely be larger.
See:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jth.15490
Or popular press
https://scitechdaily.com/researchers-may-have-discovered-the-root-cause-of-long-covid-syndrome/
 
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Here are two papers study perform longitudinal investigation of COVID-19 patients to try to identify risk factors from the time of diagnosis that predict whether the patients will later develop post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC; aka long COVID).


Multiple Early Factors Anticipate Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)00072-1

Abstract:
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) represent an emerging global crisis. However, quantifiable risk-factors for PASC and their biological associations are poorly resolved. We executed a deep multi-omic, longitudinal investigation of 309 COVID-19 patients from initial diagnosis to convalescence (2-3 months later), integrated with clinical data, and patient-reported symptoms. We resolved four PASC-anticipating risk factors at the time of initial COVID-19 diagnosis: type 2 diabetes, SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia, Epstein-Barr virus viremia, and specific autoantibodies. In patients with gastrointestinal PASC, SARS-CoV-2-specific and CMV-specific CD8+ T cells exhibited unique dynamics during recovery from COVID-19. Analysis of symptom-associated immunological signatures revealed coordinated immunity polarization into four endotypes exhibiting divergent acute severity and PASC. We find that immunological associations between PASC factors diminish over time leading to distinct convalescent immune states. Detectability of most PASC factors at COVID-19 diagnosis emphasizes the importance of early disease measurements for understanding emergent chronic conditions and suggests PASC treatment strategies.

Press release from the researchers:
https://isbscience.org/news/2022/01/25/predicting-long-covid-at-initial-point-of-covid-19-diagnosis/
A significant portion of people who contract the SARS-CoV-2 virus – some estimates suggest more than 40 percent – suffer chronic effects known as Post Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), commonly referred to as long COVID. PASC symptoms include fatigue, brain fog, the loss of taste and smell, shortness of breath, and more.

Now, researchers have identified several factors that can be measured at the initial point of COVID-19 diagnosis that anticipate if a patient is likely to develop long COVID. These “PASC factors” are the presence of certain autoantibodies, pre-existing Type 2 diabetes, SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in the blood, and Epstein-Barr virus DNA levels in blood.

Additionally, researchers found that mild cases of COVID-19, not just severe cases, are associated with long COVID. They also suggest that administering antivirals very early in the disease course may potentially prevent some PASC.

Note that, consistent with the previous post from @Sagittarius A-Star, the researchers found that long COVID is associated with reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus.

The second paper focuses on specifically looking at the antibodies in COVID-19 patients:

Immunoglobulin signature predicts risk of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-27797-1

Abstract:
Following acute infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) a significant proportion of individuals develop prolonged symptoms, a serious condition termed post-acute Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome (PACS) or long COVID. Predictors of PACS are needed. In a prospective multicentric cohort study of 215 individuals, we study COVID-19 patients during primary infection and up to one year later, compared to healthy subjects. We discover an immunoglobulin (Ig) signature, based on total IgM and IgG3 levels, which – combined with age, history of asthma bronchiale, and five symptoms during primary infection – is able to predict the risk of PACS independently of timepoint of blood sampling. We validate the score in an independent cohort of 395 individuals with COVID-19. Our results highlight the benefit of measuring Igs for the early identification of patients at high risk for PACS, which facilitates the study of targeted treatment and pathomechanisms of PACS.

Article from The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/jan/25/doctors-find-antibody-signature-long-covid
Doctors have discovered an “antibody signature” that can help identify patients most at risk of developing long Covid, a condition where debilitating symptoms of the disease can persist for many months.

Researchers at University hospital Zurich analysed blood from Covid patients and found that low levels of certain antibodies were more common in those who developed long Covid than in patients who swiftly recovered.

When combined with the patient’s age, details of their Covid symptoms and whether or not they had asthma, the antibody signature allowed doctors to predict whether people had a moderate, high or very high risk of developing long-term illness.

Both studies are fairly small (n = 309 for the first study in Cell and n = 215 for the second study in Nature Communications), but hopefully larger studies can confirm some of the findings.
 
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Regarding the connections with EBV, remember that EBV reactivation is correlated with the incidence of long COVID, but this correlation does not necessarily mean that EBV reactivation causes long COVID. EBV reactivation can occur during situations of stress or immune suppression, so EBV reactivation could be a side effect of the underlying processes that drive long COVID but not be directly involved in driving long COVID. Given the potential role of EBV in similar diseases (like multiple sclerosis and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome), it is definitely a good candidate as a causal factor, but more research is needed to establish whether it is causing long COVID and how it is doing so.
 
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On a semi-related note, CDC recommends that everyone over 50 get Shingrix, the anti-shingles vaccine. It's a recombinant-DNA vaccine, and supersedes the Zostavax live vaccine that was discontinued in 2020 ##-## https://www.cdc.gov/shingles/vaccination.html.
 
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Cardiologist Wendy Post, M.D., clarifies which post-coronavirus symptoms may point to a heart issue, when to call your doctor, and other facts all long-term COVID-19 survivors should know.

What are the possible heart issues after COVID-19?​


COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, can damage heart muscle and affect heart function.There are several reasons for this. The cells in the heart have angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors where the Coronavirus attaches before entering cells. Heart damage can also be due to high levels of inflammation circulating in the body. As the body’s immune system fights off the virus, the inflammatory process can damage some healthy tissues, including the heart.Coronavirus infection also affects the inner surfaces of veins and arteries, which can cause blood vessel inflammation, damage to very small vessels and blood clots, all of which can compromise blood flow to the heart or other parts of the body. “Severe COVID-19 is a disease that affects endothelial cells, which form the lining of the blood vessels,” Post says.
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/hea...ases/coronavirus/heart-problems-after-covid19

So even if one 'recovers' from SARS-Cov2, there can be permanent heart damage, as well as damage to the pulmonary system, some or all of which is irreversible. The subject have come up again during some discussions over the last couple of days. So, it is much better to take preventative measures, e.g., vaccinations, than to contract the virus and rely on treatment.

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases...th/coronavirus-long-term-effects/art-20490351

https://health.ucdavis.edu/newsroom...-the-rare-side-effects-of-the-vaccine/2021/09

Breathlessness in patients with long COVID may signal heart problems
https://www.escardio.org/The-ESC/Pr...nts-with-long-covid-may-signal-heart-problems

COVID-19: Cardiac manifestations in adults (supposedly literature up to date through Dec 2021)
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/covid-19-cardiac-manifestations-in-adults https://www.dicardiology.com/videos/video-what-are-long-term-cardiac-impacts-covid-19-infection
 
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sysprog said:
On a semi-related note, CDC recommends that everyone over 50 get Shingrix, the anti-shingles vaccine. It's a recombinant-DNA vaccine, and supersedes the Zostavax live vaccine that was discontinued in 2020 ##-## https://www.cdc.gov/shingles/vaccination.html.

Great. Being on a biologic I can't use live vaccines.

Thanks
Bill
 
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Astronuc said:
So even if one 'recovers' from SARS-Cov2, there can be permanent heart damage, as well as damage to the pulmonary system, some or all of which is irreversible.

In the article, you cite, however, they write:
Is heart damage caused by COVID-19 permanent?
Post says that if symptoms are due to a cardiac cause, recovery depends on the severity of injury. “Very few people have a severe heart attack, such as an acute myocardial infarction, or MI, due to COVID-19,” she says.

Still, heart imaging can reveal minor changes in the heart muscle of some COVID-19 survivors. Post notes that some studies on athletes recovering from the Coronavirus have shown some scarring, but stresses that some of these studies did not compare these results with those who had not had COVID-19. How long these minor changes persist — and how they affect heart health — are not yet known. Experts are developing protocols and recommendations for which athletes should get cardiac testing before returning to play.

COVID-19 can also affect the strength of the heart pumping, Post says, but subtle abnormalities in heart pumping are not likely to cause people problems.

A person recovering from COVID-19 may benefit from physical therapy, breathing exercises, and most of all, time. Post advises anyone recovering from COVID-19 should expect a gradual course of recovery, and should not expect a rapid return to their normal activity levels.
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/hea...ases/coronavirus/heart-problems-after-covid19

Which is very different than your statement. Is there a reason for the discrepancy?
 
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Ygggdrasil said:
Which is very different than your statement. Is there a reason for the discrepancy?
I was including the Johns Hopkins article for background. I don't believe there is a discrepancy, since they indicate
. . . if symptoms are due to a cardiac cause, recovery depends on the severity of injury. “Very few people have a severe heart attack, such as an acute myocardial infarction, or MI, due to COVID-19,” she says.

Still, heart imaging can reveal minor changes in the heart muscle of some COVID-19 survivors. Post notes that some studies on athletes recovering from the Coronavirus have shown some scarring, but stresses that some of these studies did not compare these results with those who had not had COVID-19. How long these minor changes persist — and how they affect heart health — are not yet known.
There is a spectrum of responses to SARS-Cov-2, some severe (if not fatal), some moderate, and many others seemingly mild.

My comment is based on conversations with doctors, including my primary care physician and a family member, who have treated patients for influenza, SARS-Cov-2 and a variety of other pulmonary viruses, but they haven't published, and generally don't.

A family member is undergoing a battery of tests after ostensibly 'recovering' from a mild case of Covid-19 in order to determine potential issues with heart and liver, and potentially other organs.

Then there is this: COVID-19 takes serious toll on heart health—a full year after recovery
https://www.science.org/content/art...us-toll-heart-health-full-year-after-recovery
From very early in the pandemic, it was clear that SARS-CoV-2 can damage the heart and blood vessels while people are acutely ill. Patients developed clots, heart inflammation, arrhythmias, and heart failure.

Now, the first large study to assess cardiovascular outcomes 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 infection has demonstrated that the virus’ impact is often lasting. In an analysis of more than 11 million U.S. veterans’ health records, researchers found the risk of 20 different heart and vessel maladies was substantially increased in veterans who had COVID-19 1 year earlier, compared with those who didn’t. The risk rose with severity of initial disease and extended to every outcome the team examined, including heart attacks, arrhythmias, strokes, cardiac arrest, and more. Even people who never went to the hospital had more cardiovascular disease than those who were never infected.

The results are “stunning … worse than I expected, for sure,” says Eric Topol, a cardiologist at Scripps Research. “All of these are very serious disorders. … If anybody ever thought that COVID was like the flu this should be one of the most powerful data sets to point out it’s not.” He adds that the new study “may be the most impressive Long Covid paper we have seen to date.”

I haven't read the report/article, and I would be curious as the validity of the study. I've collected a few other reports/articles, but haven't given had time to review.
 
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Astronuc said:
Then there is this: COVID-19 takes serious toll on heart health—a full year after recovery
https://www.science.org/content/art...us-toll-heart-health-full-year-after-recoveryI haven't read the report/article, and I would be curious as the validity of the study. I've collected a few other reports/articles, but haven't given had time to review.
Thanks for the reference. I've seen conflicting reports about how COVID-19 affects the heart. For example, earlier in the thread, I cited a large study of healthcare workers with mild COVID-19, which concludes:
Cardiovascular abnormalities are no more common in seropositive versus seronegative otherwise healthy, workforce representative individuals 6 months post–mild severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection.
Prospective Case-Control Study of Cardiovascular Abnormalities 6 Months Following Mild COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936878X21003569

This article and others are cited in an opinion piece from STAT news that concludes:

We take away two lessons from the Covid-19 myocarditis story. One is that SARS-CoV-2 can sometimes, though rarely, cause heart inflammation — just as many other viruses do. Clinicians, therefore, can appeal to sound medicine; further testing can be decided on an individual basis. Screening low-risk patients with MRI and other fancy tests is neither necessary nor wise.

The broader lesson is that science communication in times of crisis must keep a level head. The public, and decision-makers, need properly controlled studies instead of early sensational reports. In a world where success is measured by clicks, the idea that even mild cases of Covid-19 could pose a new and unprecedented threat to the heart took off. That fear has largely been unsubstantiated, though news of it won’t spread nearly as quickly.
Setting the record straight: There is no ‘Covid heart’
https://www.statnews.com/2021/05/14/setting-the-record-straight-there-is-no-covid-heart/

The news piece in Science and the Nature Medicine article that it cites, however, does paint a much different picture.
 
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Ygggdrasil said:
I've seen conflicting reports about how COVID-19 affects the heart.
I've seen the same. It certainly is a complicated disease, and it appears to affect the younger population less, except those who have some vulnerabilities (or comorbidities), such as diabetes, . . . .

I wonder if the early studies were too early, or premature.

In the new study I cited, the author of the article states:
The study’s enrollment period ended before vaccines were widely available, so 99.7% of infected veterans were unvaccinated when they contracted COVID-19. Therefore, the paper doesn’t address whether long-term cardiovascular problems may arise after breakthrough infections in already vaccinated people. (A new analysis tackling that question is now under review at a journal.) Another limitation of the study is that the veteran population skews older, white, and male: In all three groups, about 90% of patients were men and 71% to 76% were white. Patients were in their early 60s, on average.

The researchers controlled for the possibility that the people who contracted COVID-19 were already more prone to developing cardiovascular disease. They found that “COVID is an equal opportunity offender,” Al-Aly says. “We found an increased risk of cardiovascular problems in old people and in young people, in people with diabetes and without diabetes, in people with obesity and people without obesity, in people who smoked and who never smoked.”

COVID-19 boosted the risk of all 20 cardiovascular ailments studied, including heart attacks, arrhythmias, strokes, transient ischemic attacks, heart failure, inflammatory heart disease, cardiac arrest, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis.

It would be nice to have similar studies on younger populations children (limited population), and those in their 20s, 30s, 40s and 50s, as well as those who had a re-infection, and those who got vaccinated (and boosted), but acquired an Omicron infection.From a personal perspective, I don't consider one study definitive, especially when the population is limited (or mostly limited) to a certain demographic. I do see it as a warning to take the virus seriously. I'm aware that influenza and other respiratory viruses are antagonistic to the heart and possibly lungs, so I would expect SARS-Cov-2 to have some detrimental effect, either by thrombosis/embolism and/or inflammation. I'm always looking for more studies.
 
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hello did anyone try to look into hippocampus? and its relation to long haulers ?
 
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250 days in hospital and now waiting for a lung transplant

https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/covid-lungs-patients-wait-new-lungs-covid-rcna22049

While most Americans are shedding their masks and returning to their pre-pandemic lives, Marie Jackson remains in a Chicago hospital room.

She has been there for more than 250 days.

There is no indication yet when Jackson, 53, will be able to go home. She's waiting on a new pair of lungs; hers were irreversibly scarred when she was sickened by Covid-19 last July.

Jackson is one of the estimated hundreds of patients who, despite getting sick months ago, remain hospitalized. Their lungs simply cannot heal without mechanical ventilation or other intensive care, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

As of February, more than 10 percent of new patients on the lung transplant waiting list wound up there because of Covid, according to data from the United Network for Organ Sharing.

And just over 10 percent of 2,510 lung transplants performed from March 2021 to February have been Covid-related, according to the UNOS data, collected on behalf of NBC News.

Covid, it seems, is leading to the need for lung transplantation in two ways. One is a severe complication called acute respiratory distress syndrome, which generally lands people in the ICU early on and can lead to ECMO.

The other is a condition called pulmonary fibrosis. These are often Covid patients who had some degree of lung damage, but who never needed hospitalization.
 
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  • #29
Poll: 7% of U.S. adults say they’ve had 'long COVID.' That's 18 million people.
https://news.yahoo.com/poll-7-of-us...-covid-thats-18-million-people-090036349.html
According to a new Yahoo News/YouGov poll, 7% of American adults say they have experienced “long COVID,” which was defined as "a range of symptoms" associated with COVID-19 that "last weeks or months" after the initial infection ends.

Extrapolated to the entire U.S. population, that number represents about 18 million people, underscoring the pervasiveness of the condition more than two years into a pandemic that has infected well over 100 million Americans.

Research on long COVID continues to emerge. The U.K. government has been tracking the prevalence of ongoing symptoms; last week the Biden administration announced that it was ramping up its own long COVID efforts as well. And numerous studies have attempted to gauge how widespread the still-ill-defined condition is.

In comparison, the Yahoo News/YouGov poll of 1,619 U.S. adults, which was conducted from March 31 to April 4, is more limited in scope, relying on a small but statistically significant sample to pinpoint population-wide patterns. That said, the Yahoo News/YouGov estimate of 18 million adult U.S. long COVID patients aligns with the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation’s own estimate (about 24 million U.S. long COVID patients of all ages), suggesting that the new survey is at least somewhat representative.

Accuracy indeterminate. It would seem reasonable that 10 to 20 million people could have long Covid effects. Then the questions are: "what does that mean for life expectancy in 10 to 40 years time, and what health care will be required"?

New York State stopped reporting fatalities due to Covie-19 for three days, then reported 50 new deaths as of yesterday, which would be an average of 12.5 per day, over 4 day period, or ~17 per day over 3 days. The daily deaths have been varying between 6 and 13 per day.
 
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  • #30
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  • #31
morrobay said:
Then it could be beneficial to take some control of that environment with yogurts

I have diabetes and eat a lot of greek yogurts because it is low in carbs. You're not kidding it can have an effect on your gut. Beneficial? I have to take the word of experts who assure me it is.

Thanks
Bill
 
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  • #32

Long Covid: I'll take trial drugs because I want my life back​

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-61338227

I read a story yesterday about a teacher in Alabama who had a seizure in the classroom and was then found to be suffering from COVID-19.

My wife just read another story about cognitive impairment due to COVID. Seems that some 50-somethings are experiencing cognitive declines that one would expect in 70-somethings.
 
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  • #33

COVID raises risk of long-term brain injury, large U.S. study finds​

https://news.yahoo.com/covid-raises-risk-long-term-150329709.html

CHICAGO (Reuters) - People who had COVID-19 are at higher risk for a host of brain injuries a year later compared with people who were never infected by the coronavirus, a finding that could affect millions of Americans, U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.

The year-long study, published in Nature Medicine, assessed brain health across 44 different disorders using medical records without patient identifiers from millions of U.S. veterans.

Brain and other neurological disorders occurred in 7% more of those who had been infected with COVID compared with a similar group of veterans who had never been infected. That translates into roughly 6.6 million Americans who had brain impairments linked with their COVID infections, the team said.

"The results show the devastating long-term effects of COVID-19," senior author Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly of Washington University School of Medicine said in a statement.

. . .
 
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  • #34
@kyphysics has started a new thread so Ill post on both

From this paper

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-022-02001-z

and worth noting that...

"Because we aimed to examine outcomes at 12 months, our cohorts were enrolled before 15 January 2021 (before SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were widely available in the US), and less than 1% of people in the COVID-19 group and contemporary control group were vaccinated before T0. Our subgroup analyses were designed to estimate the risk of outcomes in each subgroup, the strength of the association for any specific outcome may not be necessarily comparable across subgroups."
 
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  • #35
pinball1970 said:
and worth noting that...

What worries me about the issue is early this year, as Omicron was taking over from Delta on the Gold Coast near where I live (to these overseas, it is a bit north of Byron Bay where many celebrities like Chris Hemsworth live); random Covid tests were done. It was found 90% did not even know they had it. This could become a major health issue once Covid becomes just one more bug circulating in the community, like the Flu. It also is why it is essential to get vaccinated because while it does not prevent getting Covid, it reduces its severity and the time you are infectious, reducing your chance of infecting others if you have it and do not know it.

Thanks
Bill
 

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