Deriving acceleration from a position function

In summary, the particle's velocity as a function of time is given by v(t) = (7 m/s2)t - 9.0 m/s, and its acceleration at t=2.0 s is constant at 7 m/s2. This can be verified by graphing the y(t) equation, which is an upwards parabola, and observing that the v(t) graph is a positive line, indicating constant acceleration.
  • #1
uchicago2012
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Homework Statement


A particle moves along the y-axis according to y(t)=(3.5 m/s2)t2 - (9.0 m/s)t + 5.0 m.
(a) What is the particle's velocity as a function of time?
(b) What is the particle's acceleration at t=2.0 s?

The Attempt at a Solution



I was wondering about b- I derived:
dy/dt = (7 m/s2)t - 9.0 m/s for the velocity function
and then
dv/dt = 7 m/s2 for the acceleration function.

So the acceleration is constant, right? I'm finding seemingly irrelevant questions make me paranoid.
 
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  • #2
Yes, you just showed that the acceleration is constant. In fact you can check with a graphing calculator by applying the knowledge you learned in class.
In fact when you graph the y(t) equation you get a upwards parabola. Then the v(t) graph will be a positive line. Thus the a(t) graph is constant.
My calculator says you are right. :)
 

FAQ: Deriving acceleration from a position function

What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

How is acceleration related to a position function?

Acceleration can be derived from a position function by taking the second derivative of the function with respect to time. This will give the acceleration function, which describes the rate of change of velocity over time.

What is the difference between average and instantaneous acceleration?

Average acceleration is the change in velocity over a given time interval, while instantaneous acceleration is the acceleration at a specific moment in time. Instantaneous acceleration can be found by taking the derivative of the velocity function.

What are the units of acceleration?

The units of acceleration are typically meters per second squared (m/s^2) in the metric system, or feet per second squared (ft/s^2) in the imperial system.

How does acceleration affect an object's motion?

Acceleration can cause an object's velocity to increase, decrease, or change direction. This can result in changes in an object's position and can be used to predict an object's future motion.

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