Dipoles angular velocity when aligned with electric field?

In summary, the conversation discusses the calculation of an electric dipole's angular velocity when released from a perpendicular position to a uniform electric field. The dipole consists of two charged spheres connected by a massless rod and rotates on a frictionless pivot. Two approaches are suggested, one using torque and the other using energy conservation, to determine the dipole's angular velocity at the instant it is aligned with the electric field. The final answer is uncertain due to the varying torque at different angles.
  • #1
conov3
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Homework Statement



An electric dipole consists of 2.0 g spheres charged to 5.0 nC (positive and negative) at the ends of a 12 cm long massless rod. The dipole rotates on a frictionless pivot at its center. The dipole is held perpendicular to a uniform electric field with field strength 1400V, then released. What is the dipole’s angular velocity at the instant it is aligned with the electric field?

Homework Equations



F=mω^2r
F=qE

The Attempt at a Solution



F=qE
F=(5*10^-9)(1400)
F=7*10^-6N

7*10^-6=mω^2r
ω=√(7*10^-6/(.004*.12))
ω=.121rev/s?

I'm just unsure if I did this correctly, I thought it seemed to easy that way.
 
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  • #2
The force that you calculated is only perpendicular to the rod when the rod is horizontal. Only a portion of that force will result in torque on the rod when it is at some other angle. That is to say, the torque is going to vary with the rod's angle with respect to the field. You could integrate the torque*dθ to find the work done, or,...

You might consider an energy conservation approach. What's the difference in potential energy between the rod horizontal and the rod vertical, given that the field strength is 1400 V/m?
 

FAQ: Dipoles angular velocity when aligned with electric field?

How does the angular velocity of a dipole change when it is aligned with an electric field?

The angular velocity of a dipole increases when it is aligned with an electric field. This is because the dipole experiences a torque, causing it to rotate at a faster rate in the direction of the electric field.

What happens to the angular velocity of a dipole when it is perpendicular to an electric field?

When a dipole is perpendicular to an electric field, its angular velocity remains constant. This is because there is no torque acting on the dipole, so it does not experience any rotational motion.

Is there a relationship between the strength of the electric field and the angular velocity of a dipole?

Yes, there is a direct relationship between the strength of the electric field and the angular velocity of a dipole. The stronger the electric field, the greater the torque on the dipole and the faster its rotation.

Can the angular velocity of a dipole be negative?

Yes, the angular velocity of a dipole can be negative. This occurs when the dipole rotates in the opposite direction of the electric field. It is important to note that the magnitude of the angular velocity is still positive, but its direction is negative.

How can the angular velocity of a dipole be calculated?

The angular velocity of a dipole can be calculated using the formula ω = τ/I, where ω is the angular velocity, τ is the torque, and I is the moment of inertia of the dipole. The torque can be calculated as the cross product of the dipole moment and the electric field strength.

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