Does decreasing input voltage affect the slip in an induction motor?

In summary: Rrot^2In summary, the slip of an induction motor will increase if the input voltage is decreased by 10%. This is because the decrease in voltage will also decrease the current and moment, resulting in a decrease in mechanical speed. The slip formula is S=(ωs-ωm)/ωs and the power produced by the motor is Pm=m1*Irot^2*Rrot/s=kp*Irot^2/s. The rotor current formula is Irot=s*Vr/sqrt(Rrot^2+s^2*Xrot^2) and if the stator supply voltage is decreased by 10%, the slip will increase to 1.235 times the nominal slip. Additionally, the rotor current formula is
  • #1
genin
1
0
Hello all
My question is:
Induction motor with nominal load rotates with nominal speed.
How the slip will be changed if we decrease input voltage in 10%?

I think that if we decrease the voltage, than the current will be decreased also.
Than, the moment will be decreased and mechanical speed ωm will be decreased also.
So, the slip will be increased...
S=(ωs-ωm)/ωs

Am I right?
 
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  • #2
The power produced by motor it is:
Pm=m1*Irot^2*Rrot/s=kp*Irot^2/s where : m1=number of stator phases[m1=3] ;Irot=rotor current at slip s.
Irot=s*Vr/sqrt(Rrot^2+s^2*Xrot) where Xrot is the rotor leakage reactance ; Vr=rotor EMF at start[s=1] ; Vr=krot/stat*Es~=k*Vs ; Vs=stator supply voltage.
Since s^2*Xrot<<Rrot :
Irot=~s*Vr/Rrot ; Irot^2=s^2*Vr^2/Rrot^2
Pm=3*s^2*Vr^2/Rrot^2*Rrot/s=3*s*Vr^2/Rrot=k*s*Vs^2
If Pload remains constant then :
If Pm1=Pload=Pm2 then Vs1^2*s1=Vs2^2*s2 or: s2=Vs1^2/Vs2^2*s1
If Vs2<Vs1 then s2>s1
If Vs2=0.9*Vs1 then s2=1/0.9^2*s1=1.235*s1
 
  • #3
Sorry! The rotor current formula is [of course]:
Irot=s*Vr/sqrt(Rrot^2+s^2*Xrot^2)
Then s^2*Xrot^2<<Rrot^2.
Example:
Usually Xrot/Rrot=sk =~5*sn where sk=the slip corresponding to maximum torque and sn=rated [nominal] slip. sn=~0.05 [usually].
So (0.05*5)^2*Rrot^2=0.0625*Rrot ^2
 

FAQ: Does decreasing input voltage affect the slip in an induction motor?

1. What is slip in an induction motor?

Slip in an induction motor refers to the difference between the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field and the actual speed of the rotor. It is expressed as a percentage of the synchronous speed.

2. Why is slip important in induction motors?

Slip is important because it determines the amount of torque produced by the motor. The greater the slip, the greater the torque output of the motor.

3. How is slip calculated in an induction motor?

Slip is calculated using the formula: Slip = (Ns - Nr) / Ns x 100%, where Ns is the synchronous speed and Nr is the rotor speed.

4. What is the relationship between slip and efficiency in an induction motor?

Slip and efficiency have an inverse relationship in an induction motor. As slip increases, efficiency decreases because more energy is lost in the form of heat due to the increased rotor speed.

5. How can slip be reduced in an induction motor?

Slip can be reduced by using a higher number of poles in the stator winding, which decreases the synchronous speed. It can also be reduced by using a variable frequency drive, which allows for better control of the motor's speed and torque output.

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