Does the basicity of hydrides increase with larger atom size?

In summary, the larger the atom within a group on the periodic table, the weaker the H-X bond and the lower the electron density, resulting in a weaker base. When the A-H bond becomes weaker, the production of A- becomes easier and the electron density on A increases, making the base stronger. However, electron density is not solely determined by the ease of bond breaking, but also depends on the size of the conjugate base.
  • #1
AdityaDev
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I am confused with the statement given by a website (http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/useful/acidbase.html

"Size. When comparing atoms within the same group of the periodic table, the larger the atom the weaker the H-X bond and the lower the electron density making it a weaker base."

When A-H bond becomes weaker, the production of A- becomes easier, so electron density on A increases. Hence the base has to be stronger right?
 
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  • #2
AdityaDev said:
the production of A- becomes easier, so electron density on A increases

I don't see how the latter comes from the earlier. Electron density is not a function of how easily the bond is broken.

Or perhaps what you mean is that after the proton is removed, electron density on the conjugate base left is higher than it was before the reaction? Sure, that's true. But still the final electron density depends on the size of the conjugate base, and we are comparing different bases comparing their final electron densities.
 
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Related to Does the basicity of hydrides increase with larger atom size?

1. What is the definition of basicity?

Basicity refers to the ability of a substance to accept protons or donate electrons in a chemical reaction.

2. How is the basicity of hydrides related to atom size?

The basicity of hydrides increases with larger atom size because larger atoms have a weaker hold on their outermost electron, making it easier for them to donate it in a chemical reaction.

3. Why do larger atoms have a weaker hold on their outermost electron?

Larger atoms have a weaker hold on their outermost electron because the electron is further away from the nucleus and experiences less attraction from the positively charged protons.

4. How does the basicity of hydrides affect their reactivity?

The basicity of hydrides directly affects their reactivity as it determines their ability to participate in chemical reactions. Hydrides with higher basicity are more likely to react with other substances.

5. Are there any exceptions to the trend of increasing basicity with larger atom size?

While the trend generally holds true, there are some exceptions where larger atoms may not have a higher basicity, such as in the case of transition metals. This is due to the complex electronic structures and bonding patterns of these elements.

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