Easy ways to explain special & general relativity

In summary, special relativity states that the faster you move through space, the slower your time goes. General relativity explains that all matter in the universe creates gravity, which curves space-time and causes objects to orbit in a curved path. Even when sitting still, we are accelerating due to the curvature of space-time, which is why we feel the force of gravity.
  • #1
taybot
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If you had 3 sentences to describe special relativity to someone that doesn't know anything about it and 3 sentences to describe general relativity, how would you describe it?

I'm reading Fabric of the Cosmos and trying to get a grip on these theories, just a basic grip, I probably won't delve into it very deep but here is what I can come up with for special relativity:

The faster you move through space the slower your time goes.

And for general:

All the matter in the universe makes gravity which curves through space time, which is why the planets orbit the sun in a curve. Also, even if we are sitting still, we are always accelerating, which is why we feel the force of gravity. The force of gravity is the same thing you feel when you're in a car and the driver steps on the gas.
 
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  • #2
taybot said:
The faster you move through space the slower your time goes.
No, your time just keeps ticking along at one second per second. Someone moving relative to you will see your time as moving slower than theirs just as you will see theirs moving slow relative to yours.

All the matter in the universe makes gravity which curves through space time, which is why the planets orbit the sun in a curve. Also, even if we are sitting still, we are always accelerating, which is why we feel the force of gravity. The force of gravity is the same thing you feel when you're in a car and the driver steps on the gas.
I think you have the right idea but if you are sitting still in the ISS, for example, you will not feel gravity. You feel gravity sitting on the Earth because it "warps" space-time, making your body want to follow the space-time geodesic towards the center of the Earth but your chair stops you so you feel pressure on your butt.
 

FAQ: Easy ways to explain special & general relativity

What is the difference between special and general relativity?

Special relativity deals with the behavior of objects in inertial frames of reference, while general relativity explains the effects of gravity on objects in non-inertial frames of reference.

How does time dilation work in special relativity?

According to special relativity, time dilation occurs when an object moves at high speeds, causing time to appear to pass more slowly for that object.

What is the concept of space-time in general relativity?

In general relativity, space and time are not separate entities, but are combined into a four-dimensional space-time fabric that is curved by the presence of mass and energy.

How does gravity affect the passage of time in general relativity?

In general relativity, gravity warps the space-time fabric, causing time to pass more slowly near massive objects.

Can you provide an easy way to visualize the concept of relativity?

One way to visualize relativity is to imagine a trampoline with a heavy ball in the center. The ball represents a massive object, such as a planet, and the trampoline represents space-time. The weight of the ball causes the trampoline to curve, and smaller objects placed on the trampoline will roll towards the ball, just as objects are attracted to a planet by its gravity. This helps to illustrate how gravity warps space-time in general relativity.

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