Electric displacement in plate capacitor

In summary, the conversation revolves around finding the electric displacement D in a parallel plate capacitor with plate charge densities ±σ. One solution involves using a Gaussian surface and considering only one plate, which yields D=σ. However, another solution takes into account the contribution of both plates and results in a total D=2σ. This reasoning is flawed because it leads to inconsistent field calculations. The issue is eventually resolved by considering the bound and free charges.
  • #1
musemonkey
25
0
Suppose there's dielectric material in inside a parallel plate capacitor with plate charge densities ±σ. What's the electric displacement D?

I've seen solutions that draw a Gaussian surface around one of the surfaces and argue that the enclosed charge is Aσ and the flux of D is Aσ therefore D=σ.

But what about the contribution of the other plate? If one takes it into account, it makes an equal contribution yielding a total D=2σ. How is this reasoning flawed? I know it to be wrong because one can derive the field from the displacement and the bound charges and then get the field again by considering the bound and free charges. The two field calculations are inconsistent if D=2σ.

Thanks.
 
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  • #2
I figured it out

but can't delete my post.
 

FAQ: Electric displacement in plate capacitor

What is electric displacement in a plate capacitor?

Electric displacement in a plate capacitor is a measure of the amount of electric flux that passes through the capacitor. It is defined as the electric flux per unit area of the plates, and is also known as the electric displacement field.

How is electric displacement related to electric field?

Electric displacement is related to electric field through the equation D = εE, where D is the electric displacement, ε is the permittivity of the material between the plates, and E is the electric field. This relationship shows that electric displacement is directly proportional to electric field.

What is the difference between electric displacement and electric field?

The main difference between electric displacement and electric field is that electric displacement takes into account the effects of free charges, while electric field only considers the effects of bound charges. Additionally, electric displacement is a vector quantity, while electric field is a scalar quantity.

How do the dimensions of a plate capacitor affect electric displacement?

The dimensions of a plate capacitor affect electric displacement through the area of the plates. A larger area will result in a larger electric displacement, while a smaller area will result in a smaller electric displacement. Additionally, the distance between the plates also affects electric displacement, with a larger distance resulting in a smaller electric displacement.

How is electric displacement used in practical applications?

Electric displacement has many practical applications, including in the design and function of capacitors, insulating materials, and electronic devices. It is also used in the study of electromagnetism and in the development of new technologies such as wireless charging and energy storage systems.

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