Electric field at a point close to the centre of a conducting plate

In summary, the electric field due to a conducting plate is twice the electric field due to a plastic plate with the same charge density. Therefore, the electric field at point P will be twice as strong for the conducting plate, resulting in a field of 20 volts per metre. The charge density on each surface of the conducting plate will be approximately uniform, with a value of Q/2A where Q is the total charge on the plate and A is the area of one surface. It is unclear if the charge on the plastic plate is on one surface or both, but for the same total charge, the electric field will be the same on both sides.
  • #1
Pushoam
962
52
Homework Statement
A charge Q is uniformly distributed over a large plastic plate. The electric field at a point P close to the centre of the plate is 10 volt per metre. If the plastic plate is replaced by a copper plate of the same geometrical dimensions and carrying the same charge Q, the electric field at the point P will become ......
Relevant Equations
For conducting plate
$$ E = \frac { \sigma}{\epsilon_0}$$
For plastic plate
$$ E = \frac { \sigma}{2\epsilon_0}$$
Since the electric field due to a conducting plate is twice the electric field due to a plastic plate having same charge density, the electric field at the point P will be twice in case of conducting plate and hence it is 20 volt per metre.

Is that correct?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
A plate has two large parallel surfaces. If you somehow start with all of Q spread on one of the surfaces of the conducting plate, does the charge redistribute itself? If so, when electrostatic equilibrium is established, think about ##\sigma## on each of the surfaces of the conducting plate.
 
  • Like
Likes MatinSAR and Pushoam
  • #3
TSny said:
A plate has two large parallel surfaces. If you somehow start with all of Q spread on one of the surfaces of the conducting plate, does the charge redistribute itself? If so, when electrostatic equilibrium is established, think about ##\sigma## on each of the surfaces of the conducting plate.
So, charge density of the conducting plate is half of the charge density of plastic plate hence the electric field will be 10 volt per metre. The charge Q on both plates remain same.
 
  • #4
Pushoam said:
So, charge density of the conducting plate is half of the charge density of plastic plate hence the electric field will be 10 volt per metre. The charge Q on both plates remain same.
Yes, I believe this is correct.

The charge density on each of the surfaces of the conducting plate will not be uniform, especially near the edges of the plate. However, near the center of a large conducting plate, the charge density on each surface will be approximately uniform and approximately equal to ##\frac Q {2A}##, where ##Q## is the total charge on the plate and ##A## is the area of one of the surfaces.
 
  • Like
Likes Pushoam, MatinSAR and member 731016
  • #5
TSny said:
Yes, I believe this is correct.

The charge density on each of the surfaces of the conducting plate will not be uniform, especially near the edges of the plate. However, near the center of a large conducting plate, the charge density on each surface will be approximately uniform and approximately equal to ##\frac Q {2A}##, where ##Q## is the total charge on the plate and ##A## is the area of one of the surfaces.
Would you please know where you got ##\frac Q {2A}## from @TSny?
 
  • #6
Callumnc1 said:
Would you please know where you got ##\frac Q {2A}## from @TSny?
Two surfaces, each of area A.
It's not clear to me whether the charge on the plastic plate is on one surface or both, but for the same total charge the field is the same. Both sides.
 
  • Like
Likes member 731016, Pushoam and MatinSAR
  • #7
haruspex said:
Two surfaces, each of area A.
It's not clear to me whether the charge on the plastic plate is on one surface or both, but for the same total charge the field is the same. Both sides.
Thank you for your help @haruspex!
 
  • #8
haruspex said:
Two surfaces, each of area A.
It's not clear to me whether the charge on the plastic plate is on one surface or both, but for the same total charge the field is the same. Both sides.
The question says uniform distribution. So, I think it is uniformly distributed on both sides.
 

Related to Electric field at a point close to the centre of a conducting plate

What is the electric field at a point close to the center of a conducting plate?

The electric field at a point close to the center of a conducting plate is typically zero. This is because the charges on a conducting plate redistribute themselves in such a way that they cancel out any internal electric fields, leading to an equilibrium state where the electric field inside the conductor is zero.

Why is the electric field zero at the center of a conducting plate?

The electric field is zero at the center of a conducting plate because the free electrons within the conductor move in response to any internal electric fields, redistributing themselves until they cancel out any internal fields. This results in an equilibrium state where the electric field inside the conductor is zero.

How does the thickness of the conducting plate affect the electric field at its center?

The thickness of the conducting plate does not significantly affect the electric field at its center. Regardless of the thickness, the charges will still redistribute themselves to cancel out any internal electric fields, resulting in a zero electric field at the center of the plate.

Does the material of the conducting plate influence the electric field at its center?

The material of the conducting plate does not influence the electric field at its center as long as it is a good conductor. All good conductors will have free electrons that move to cancel out any internal electric fields, resulting in a zero electric field at the center.

What happens to the electric field near the edges of the conducting plate?

Near the edges of the conducting plate, the electric field is not zero and can be quite strong. This is due to the edge effects where the charge distribution is not uniform, leading to a non-zero electric field. The field lines tend to curve and concentrate near the edges, creating a stronger electric field in those regions.

Similar threads

  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
26
Views
887
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
11
Views
725
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
18
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
7
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
478
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
555
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
23
Views
893
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
285
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
9
Views
1K
Back
Top