Electric Force vector components

In summary, the force F on the 1 nC charge at the bottom is -0.0000114 N along the X axis and 0.00000509 N along the Y axis. This is due to the two 2nC charges cancelling out along the X axis and the -6nC charge contributing 0.0000114 N along the X axis and 0 N along the Y axis. The correct answer is 0,1.14*10^-5 N.
  • #1
Goldenwind
146
0
[SOLVED] Electric Force

Homework Statement


http://session.masteringphysics.com/problemAsset/1001926/10/knight_Figure_25_46.jpg

What is the force F on the 1 nC charge at the bottom?
Write your answer as two vector components, separated by a comma. Express each component numerically, in Newtons, to three significant figures.

Homework Equations


F = kq1q2 / r^2
a^2 + b^2 = c^2
Sine Law

The Attempt at a Solution


As a reference, the "focus" charge is the 1nC at the bottom.
Note that this appears to be a semicircle. Due to this fact, I conclude that the distance between the focus charge and the -6nC is also 5cm.

Because both 2nC charges have the same charge, distance, and angle with respect to the origin (Focus), I conclude that they cancel each other out along the X axis. They will both push the focus downwards, however there should be no X axis movement. Since the -6nC charge is along the Y axis, I conclude that this charge will not affect the focus' net X force either.

Therefore, F_x = 0

The force given between the 2nC on the left, and the focus, is F = kq1q2 / r^2
Where:
k = 9*10^9
q1 = 1*10^-9 (Focus)
q2 = 2*10^-9 (Leftmost charge)
r = 5cm = 0.05m

F = 0.0000072

Due to Sine Law, the X and Y components of this force are equivalent, since the angle is at 45 degrees.
Sqrt(X^2 + Y^2) = F^2
Sqrt(2Y^2) = F^2
2Y^2 = F^4
Y^2 = (F^4)/2
Y = Sqrt((F^4)/2)
Y = 3.6656415536710623664939771731515 * 10^-11

Since the rightmost charge is identical with respect to the focus, it will put out the same force along the Y axis.

Now to include the -6nC charge. F = kq1q2 / r^2
Where:
k = 9*10^9
q1 = 1*10^-9
q2 = -6*10^-9
r = 0.05

F = -0.0000216

So, the net force on the focus should be:
= "-6nC" + "2nC:Y" + "2nC:Y"
= "-6nC" + 2*"2nC:Y"
= -0.0000216 + 2*3.6656415536710623664939771731515 * 10^-11
= -0.00002159992668716892657875268
Rounded to 3 significant digits is 2.16*10^-5

Expressing answer as asked:
0,2.16*10^-5

This answer is incorrect.
My mistake is where?
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
Goldenwind said:
Due to Sine Law, the X and Y components of this force are equivalent, since the angle is at 45 degrees.
Sqrt(X^2 + Y^2) = F^2
That should be:
X^2 + Y^2 = F^2
Sqrt(2Y^2) = F^2
2Y^2 = F^4
Y^2 = (F^4)/2
Y = Sqrt((F^4)/2)
Y = 3.6656415536710623664939771731515 * 10^-11
Redo this.
 
  • #3
Doc Al said:
That should be:
X^2 + Y^2 = F^2

Redo this.
I just messed up the pythagorean theorem. Holy crap I'm embarassed.
Thank-you.

Recalculating.
 
  • #4
X^2 + Y^2 = F^2
2Y^2 = F^2
Y^2 = (F^2)/2
Y = Sqrt((F^2)/2)
Y = Sqrt((F^2)/2)
Y = 0.00000509116882454314217568607

...

= "-6nC" + 2*"2nC:Y"
= -0.0000216 + 2*0.00000509116882454314217568607
= -0.0000114176623509137156486278 * 10^-5
Rounded to 3 significant digits is -1.14*10^-5

Expressing answer as asked:
0,1.14*10^-5

This answer is correct.
Thank-you Doc Al :)
 

Related to Electric Force vector components

1. What is electric force?

Electric force is a fundamental force of nature that describes the interaction between charged particles. It is responsible for the attraction and repulsion between these particles, and is the basis for many important phenomena such as electricity, magnetism, and chemical bonding.

2. What are the two components of an electric force vector?

The two components of an electric force vector are the magnitude and direction. The magnitude represents the strength of the force, while the direction indicates the direction in which the force is acting on an object.

3. How are the components of an electric force vector calculated?

The components of an electric force vector can be calculated using trigonometry. The magnitude of the vector is multiplied by the cosine of the angle between the vector and the x-axis to determine the x-component, and by the sine of the angle to determine the y-component.

4. What is the difference between an electric force vector and an electric field vector?

An electric force vector describes the force acting on a charged particle in an electric field, while an electric field vector describes the strength and direction of the electric field itself. The electric force vector is dependent on the charge of the particle, while the electric field vector is independent of the charge.

5. How does the direction of the electric force vector change in different electric fields?

The direction of the electric force vector will change depending on the direction of the electric field. In a uniform electric field, the direction of the force will always be parallel or antiparallel to the electric field lines. In a non-uniform electric field, the direction of the force will vary depending on the strength and direction of the electric field at a given point.

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