Electromagnetism problem: Merging of 2 charged drops of mercury

In summary, the problem of merging two charged drops of mercury involves understanding the principles of electromagnetism, particularly the effects of electric charge and surface tension. When two charged drops come into contact, they will coalesce due to the attraction between opposite charges, while surface tension works to minimize the total surface area. The final drop's charge and radius can be calculated using conservation of charge and energy principles, illustrating the balance between electrostatic forces and surface tension effects in liquid conductors.
  • #1
Elj
5
1
Homework Statement
Two non-identical spherical drops of mercury one with charge of 30.0 nC and a potential
of 500.0 V and the other one with charge of 40.0 nC and potential of 700.0 Vat the
surface. The two drops merge to form a single drop. What is the potential at the surface
of the new drop?
Relevant Equations
V=kq/r v=4/3pir^3
I originally thought that this problem was simple, and it still seems like it is, but there are conflicting solutions and I don't know which is correct. So I first solved for R1 and R2 using V=kQ/r where R1 is 0.514 and R2 is 0.54. My original thought was volume is conserved so V1 + V2 = V3 and rearranging to get the radius then R3 = (R2^3 + R1^3)^3 = 0.664. Then the charge is conserved so Q1 + Q2 = Q3 so Q3 = 70nc and then plugging it back in to get the potential V=kQ3/R3, V = 948V, but a classmate of mine seemed to get 614V.

Sorry about the format I don't know how to write in Laytex.
 
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  • #2
I confirm your result.
 
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  • #3
Elj said:
Sorry about the format I don't know how to write in Laytex.
There's link 'LaTeX guide' at the lower left of the edit window.
Enclosing your expression in double # is already a good start:
Elj said:
Relevant Equations: ##V=kq/r ##
and a backslash turns pi into ##\pi##: v=4/3 \pi r^3 yields
Elj said:
##v=4/3\pi r^3##
Underscore gives subscripts
Elj said:
... so ##V_1 + V_2 = V_3## and rearranging to get the radius then ##R_3 = (R_2^3 + R_1^3)^{1/3} = 0.664.##

Sorry about the format I don't know how to write in Laytex.
and in a few minutes you're no longer a Layman...:smile:

Learning goes fast if you right-click ##\TeX## to show the input

and it's fun...

##\ ##
 
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FAQ: Electromagnetism problem: Merging of 2 charged drops of mercury

What happens to the charge when two charged drops of mercury merge?

When two charged drops of mercury merge, their charges combine. The total charge of the resulting larger drop is the sum of the charges of the two original drops.

How does the volume of the new drop compare to the original drops?

The volume of the new drop is equal to the sum of the volumes of the two original drops. Since volume is conserved, if the original drops have volumes V1 and V2, the new drop will have a volume V1 + V2.

What is the relationship between the radius of the new drop and the radii of the original drops?

The radius of the new drop can be determined using the volume relationship. If the original drops have radii r1 and r2, the radius r of the new drop is found using the formula for the volume of a sphere: V = 4/3 * π * r^3. Therefore, the radius r of the new drop is given by (r1^3 + r2^3)^(1/3).

How does the surface charge density change after the drops merge?

The surface charge density (σ) is the charge per unit area. When two drops merge, the total charge increases, but the surface area of the new drop also changes. The surface charge density of the new drop can be calculated by dividing the total charge by the surface area of the new drop. If Q1 and Q2 are the charges of the original drops, the new surface charge density is (Q1 + Q2) / (4πr^2), where r is the radius of the new drop.

What effect does the merging of the drops have on the electric potential?

The electric potential at the surface of a charged drop is given by V = Q / (4πε0r), where Q is the charge, ε0 is the permittivity of free space, and r is the radius. After merging, the new electric potential can be calculated using the total charge and the new radius. The potential will generally change due to the redistribution of charge and the change in radius.

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