Electrostatic induction in a conductor

In summary, the conversation discusses an experiment where two aluminium plates were separated by 100mm and connected to a DC voltage of 300 volts, creating an electric field between them. An insulated conductor was placed between the plates, but no voltage was measured across its legs as expected through electrostatic induction. The person asks for the fallacy in their reasoning and questions the theoretical basis for expecting a non-zero potential difference.
  • #1
grantc
4
0
Two aluminium plates, each 150 x 150mm, were separated by 100mm to create a form of parallel-plate capacitor. A DC voltage of 300 volts was connected across the plates to create a (fairly) linear electric field of approximately 3000 V/m between them.
An insulated conductor was bent into a U shape with squared-off corners, with the bottom of the U approximately 95mm long and each leg of the U approximately 300mm long. This was placed between the abovementioned plates so that the bottom of the U was perpendicular to the centres of the plates, with the legs of the U adjacent and parallel to the inner surfaces of the plates.
Through electrostatic induction it was expected that about 300 volts would be measured across the legs of the U. However, there was no voltage seen, both on an oscilloscope and on a Fluke meter.
Similarly, when the plates were connected to a 50 Hz, 220 volt rms supply, there was no measurable voltage across the legs of the U.
What is the fallacy in my reasoning, please?
 
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  • #2
If I understand your description correctly, you placed an insulated conductor in an external electric field and tried to measure the potential difference between two points on this conductor. What theoretical basis do you have to believe that the potential difference would not be zero? Aren't conductors equipotential surfaces in static conditions? Depending on your arrangement, you might (I stress might) be able to measure a voltage if you had a changing magnetic flux through the conductor.
 

FAQ: Electrostatic induction in a conductor

What is electrostatic induction?

Electrostatic induction is the process by which a charged object can influence the distribution of charges in a nearby conductor, without direct contact.

How does electrostatic induction work in a conductor?

When a charged object is brought near a conductor, the charges in the conductor will redistribute themselves, creating an electric field that is opposite in direction to the field of the charged object. This results in a separation of charges within the conductor, with the side closest to the charged object becoming oppositely charged.

What is the difference between electrostatic induction and conduction?

Electrostatic induction and conduction are both methods of transferring charge, but they differ in their process. Induction occurs without direct contact between objects, while conduction requires direct contact for charge transfer to occur.

How is electrostatic induction used in everyday life?

Electrostatic induction is used in many everyday devices, such as capacitors, generators, and lightning rods. It is also used in electrostatic precipitators to remove particles from air and in touchscreens to detect touch.

Can electrostatic induction cause harm to humans?

In most cases, electrostatic induction does not pose a threat to humans. However, it can be dangerous if a person comes into contact with a high voltage source, such as a lightning bolt or a malfunctioning electrical device.

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