Equation for Water Flow Over Pipe Circular Hole

In summary, the conversation discusses the equation for the level of water (h) from a pipe with a hole at every moment in time. The equation would depend on the diameter of the pipe, flow rate, and length of the pipe. Additional information, such as whether the pipe is draining or emptying a reservoir, may also be needed. The book "HDS5 Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts" is recommended as a resource for culvert problems.
  • #1
Moayd Shagaf
38
12
suppose a water falling from pipe that above the ground with 5 meters,
what is the equation that describe the level of water ( h) from pipe the hole at every moment of time? consider the pipe hole is circle

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  • #2
I'm not sure there is a simple equation for that, but it would depend on the diameter of the pipe and flow rate of the water.
 
  • #3
Moayd Shagaf said:
suppose a water falling from pipe that above the ground with 5 meters
One might need more information.
Is the pipe draining itself, with no more water being added than initially. Length of pipe might be useful.
Or a pipe that is emptying say a reservoir with a small head, such as a culvert from one side of the road to the other into a ditch.
Look up channel flow and you might find something there.
 
  • #4
If this is a culvert problem, then the definitive resource is HDS5 Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts. Google the title, it's available free online from the Federal Highway Administration.
 

FAQ: Equation for Water Flow Over Pipe Circular Hole

What is the equation for water flow over a circular hole in a pipe?

The equation for water flow over a circular hole in a pipe is Q = 0.61 * Cd * A * √(2gh), where Q is the flow rate, Cd is the coefficient of discharge, A is the area of the hole, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the water above the center of the hole.

How do you calculate the coefficient of discharge for a circular hole in a pipe?

The coefficient of discharge can be calculated using the formula Cd = Q / (0.61 * A * √(2gh)), where Q is the measured flow rate, A is the area of the hole, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the water above the center of the hole.

What factors can affect the flow rate through a circular hole in a pipe?

The flow rate through a circular hole in a pipe can be affected by several factors, including the diameter of the hole, the height of the water above the hole, the shape of the hole, the roughness of the pipe surface, and the viscosity of the water.

Can the equation for water flow over a circular hole in a pipe be applied to any type of fluid?

No, the equation is specifically for incompressible fluids, such as water. It cannot be applied to compressible fluids, such as air, or fluids with significantly different properties than water.

How accurate is the equation for water flow over a circular hole in a pipe?

The equation is a simplified model and may not be accurate for all situations. It assumes certain ideal conditions and does not account for factors such as turbulence and friction. Actual flow rates may vary from the calculated values.

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