Equipotential Surfaces physics problems

In summary, the conversation discusses charge conservation and equipotential surfaces in the context of two spheres with different charges. Using Gauss's law, it is determined that the charges on the spheres are +2Q and -2Q. The concept of equipotential surfaces is introduced and it is suggested that the spheres behave like parts of the same conductor when connected by a wire. The total charge on the system is -5Q and it is predicted that the charges will redistribute in order to minimize potential energy and follow Gauss's law.
  • #1
LovePhys
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Homework Statement


attachment.php?attachmentid=60700&stc=1&d=1375709755.png

Homework Equations


- Charge conservation
- Equipotential surfaces

The Attempt at a Solution


Let Q1 be the amount of charge on the inner sphere with radius c, and Q2 be the amount of charge on the outer sphere with radius b.
Using Gauss's law, I figured out that Q1=+2Q and Q2=-2Q
1/ Charge conservation: Q1+Q2=0 (1)
2/ Equipotential surfaces: [tex]\frac{kQ_{1}}{c}=\frac{kQ_{2}}{b}(2)[/tex]
(1),(2)=>Q1=Q2=0
Since my understanding on equipotential surfaces is not very good, please correct me if I am wrong, thank you!
 

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  • #2
Do you even need calculation? When they are joined by a wire the two spheres can be said to be parts of the same conductor. We know that the total charge on the conductor is -5Q. There are many ways to distribute this charge but they will move so as to minimise the potential energy of the system and obey Gauss law. What will happen? (This situation is same as that of a solid spherical conductor with a cavity).
 

FAQ: Equipotential Surfaces physics problems

What are equipotential surfaces?

Equipotential surfaces are imaginary surfaces in an electric field where the potential at every point on the surface is the same. This means that no work is required to move a charge from one point to another on the surface.

2. How are equipotential surfaces related to electric fields?

Equipotential surfaces are always perpendicular to electric field lines. This means that the direction of the electric field at any point on the surface is tangent to the surface.

3. How do you calculate the potential difference between two equipotential surfaces?

The potential difference between two equipotential surfaces can be calculated by subtracting the potential at one surface from the potential at the other surface. This value represents the work done per unit charge to move a charge from one surface to the other.

4. What is the significance of equipotential surfaces in solving physics problems?

Equipotential surfaces are useful in solving physics problems because they provide a visual representation of the electric field and potential in a given area. They can also help in determining the path a charge will take in an electric field.

5. How do you determine the shape of an equipotential surface?

The shape of an equipotential surface depends on the distribution of charges in the electric field. For a point charge, the equipotential surfaces will be spherical. For a uniform electric field, the equipotential surfaces will be parallel planes.

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