Error in Schakel's 'Boulevard of broken symmetries'?

In summary, "Boulevard of broken symmetries" by Schakel explores the concept of symmetry breaking in physics and its impact on our understanding of the universe. Symmetry breaking is when the expected outcomes or behaviors of a system are different from what the underlying laws suggest. It has significant implications in understanding the fundamental forces and particles in our universe. The "broken symmetries" in the title refer to the important symmetries that are broken in the physical laws of the universe. Some real-life examples of symmetry breaking include the Higgs field and the breaking of left-right symmetry in the weak interaction.
  • #1
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I'm working through Schakel's 'Boulevard of broken symmetries' and I don't get an equation connect to the Coulomb gas problem.

The equation in question is (5.77) on page 161.
Luckily, you may look it up in http://books.google.com/books?id=OA...EwAQ#v=onepage&q=sine gordon coulomb&f=false".

I guess I'm missing something obvious but it seems like (5.77) is wrong; e.g. if one calculates both sides for N=2.

Any ideas?
 
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  • #2
The equation in question is (5.77) on page 161 of Schakel's 'Boulevard of Broken Symmetries.' The equation is:<math>\frac{\partial^2 \phi_n}{\partial x^2} - \sum_{m \neq n} \frac{e^{2 \phi_m}}{(x_n - x_m)^2} = \frac{\beta}{4\pi} \,\sin(2\pi \phi_n).</math>This equation describes the behavior of a Coulomb gas, which is a system of particles interacting via a long-range Coulombic potential. In this equation, the left-hand side is the Laplacian of the scalar field <math>\phi_n</math>, which is the field representing the electric potential associated with the particles in the Coulomb gas. The sum on the right-hand side is the total Coulombic potential generated by all the particles in the system. The final term on the right-hand side is the sine-Gordon potential, which is the nonlinear, short-range potential that represents the effects of finite particle size and the particle-particle interactions.The equation (5.77) is correct; however, one must be careful when calculating both sides for specific values of N. In particular, one must take into account the boundary conditions, which determine how the electric potential varies as one moves around the system. Without these boundary conditions, the equation is not valid.
 

Related to Error in Schakel's 'Boulevard of broken symmetries'?

1. What is the main focus of Schakel's "Boulevard of broken symmetries"?

The main focus of "Boulevard of broken symmetries" is the concept of symmetry breaking in physics and its implications in understanding the fundamental laws of nature.

2. What is symmetry breaking?

Symmetry breaking refers to the phenomenon in which the symmetry of a system is broken, resulting in different outcomes or behaviors than what would be expected based on the underlying laws of the system.

3. How does symmetry breaking affect our understanding of the universe?

Symmetry breaking plays a crucial role in understanding the fundamental forces and particles that make up our universe. It helps explain how these forces and particles behave and interact with each other.

4. What is the significance of the "broken symmetries" mentioned in the title?

The "broken symmetries" in the title refer to the fundamental symmetries that are broken in the physical laws of the universe. These broken symmetries have important implications in our understanding of the universe and its origins.

5. What are some real-life examples of symmetry breaking?

One example of symmetry breaking is the Higgs field, which breaks the symmetry between the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces. Another example is the breaking of left-right symmetry in the weak interaction, which results in the preference for right-handedness in the universe.

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