Evolution of Number Names in the Base 10 System

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In summary, the conversation discusses the naming system for numbers in the base 10 number system and the lack of continuity in the naming pattern. The conversation also mentions the historical reasons for this and the preference for not having names like "thousand-x". The conversation also brings up the differences in naming conventions in different countries for numbers greater than 1 million.
  • #1
Im_not_asian
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My first post here, so please humor me. I have found no one in my life who can explain this to me:

My question is about the base 10 number system. It arises from the rate at which new NAMES are attributed to numbers as they increase. To illustrate, please consider -

10 x 1 unit = 10. - This is significant as this is the point at which a new NAME is attributed to subsequent numbers (ie from units to tens)

10 x 10 = 100. (moving from tens to hundreds)

10 x 100 = 1000 (hundreds to thousands) - noting new names thus far have been attributed in accordance with multiples of 10

10 x 1000 = 10 000. - No new name..

Why this lack of continuity?
Why are new names given in accordance with multiples of 10 prior to reaching 1000, (or 10 000), and not after?
 
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  • #2
I think there is some sort of historical reason, these names being given in a time when there was no urgency to express numbers greater than, say, 1 000 (though actually, Archimedes had invented a scheme for writing down very large numbers, for a very specific purpose). Besides, it gets kind of complicated to speak about tentens, tententens, etc.

I think in general we prefer not to have names like thousand-x:
100: "tenten" is given a name: hundred
110, ...: can be expressed as hundred + ten
1000: could be called "tenhundred" but is for obscure reasons called thousand
1100, ...: can be expressed as thousand + hundred, although some languages (like Dutch :-p) also say "elevenhundred, twelvehundred, ..." instead of "one thousand one hundred, - two hundred, ..."
10 000: ten thousand
100 000: hundred thousand
1 000 000: thousand thousand -- eek, let's make a new name (million)
1 100 000: one million one thousand - that's fine
10 000 000: ten million, fine
100 000 000: hundred million, ok
1 000 000 000: thousand million, but we prefer milliard (or billion)
10 000 000 000: ten milliard/billion
100 000 000 000: hundred milliard / billion
1 000 000 000 000: thousand ... - no, let's give it a new name: billion (or trillion)
etc.

Note that some countries prefer to increment the "Latin" counter every 1 000 (million, billion, trillion, quadrillion, ...) while some do it every 1 000 000 (million, milliard; billion, billiard; trillion, ...)
 
  • #3
agree
 

FAQ: Evolution of Number Names in the Base 10 System

What is the history of numbers?

The history of numbers dates back to ancient civilizations, where humans first started using symbols to represent quantities. The earliest known form of numbers was the tally system, where marks were made to keep track of objects. Later on, the Egyptians developed a hieroglyphic system for numbers, and the Mesopotamians created a sexagesimal system. The Hindu-Arabic numeral system, which is still used today, was developed in India during the 6th century.

How did humans first learn to count?

The concept of counting has been around for thousands of years, and it is believed that humans first learned to count by using their fingers and toes. This led to the creation of the base-10 or decimal system, as most humans have 10 fingers. As civilizations evolved, humans started using different symbols and systems to represent numbers, leading to the development of various counting methods.

Who invented the number zero?

The concept of zero as a number was first introduced by the ancient Babylonians around 300 BC. However, it was the Indian mathematician Brahmagupta who first defined zero as a number and gave it its mathematical properties in the 7th century. The concept of zero was later adopted by the Arabs, and it eventually spread to Europe in the 12th century.

How has the understanding of numbers changed over time?

Throughout history, the concept of numbers has evolved significantly. In ancient times, numbers were primarily used for counting and simple calculations. But with the development of mathematics, numbers began to be used for more complex calculations and problem-solving. Today, numbers are an integral part of our daily lives, and they are used in various fields, including science, technology, and finance.

What role have numbers played in human civilizations?

Numbers have played a crucial role in the development and progress of human civilizations. From ancient trade and commerce to modern-day science and technology, numbers have been used to measure, record, and understand the world around us. They have also been used in various cultural and religious practices, such as numerology and astrology, and have been a source of fascination and mystery for humans throughout history.

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