Find La Placian of a function in cartesian and Spherical Coordinates

In summary, the La Placian of V(x,y,z)=(zx^{2})/(x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}) is proven to be equal in Cartesian and Spherical coordinates. The expression for V(r,\theta,\phi) uses the mathematical convention, while physicists typically use \theta as the angle from the z-axis. The problem does not have a suggested approach and may require extensive calculation.
  • #1
lonewolf219
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Homework Statement


Prove the La Placian of V(x,y,z)=(zx[itex]^{2}[/itex])/(x[itex]^{2}[/itex]+y[itex]^{2}[/itex]+z[itex]^{2}[/itex]) in Cartesian coordinates is equal to that in Spherical coordinates

Homework Equations



[itex]\nabla[/itex][itex]^{2}[/itex]V=0

The Attempt at a Solution



I have attempted to calculate all the terms out, and there were A LOT. I was hoping the derivatives in Cartesian, which I did first, would cancel, but they didn't. I may have made a mistake, I used the product rule and came up with 6 terms in the numerator over (x[itex]^{2}[/itex]+y[itex]^{2}[/itex]+z[itex]^{2}[/itex])[itex]^{3}[/itex]. Any suggestions? Spherical was even more complicated... I had the following:
r(cosθ)[itex]^{2}[/itex](sin[itex]\phi[/itex])[itex]^{2}[/itex](cos[itex]\phi[/itex]) before I began taking partial derivatives. Any help would really be appreciated, thanks...
 
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  • #2


Which convention for spherical coordinates are you using? Physicists typically use ##\theta## as the angle from the z-axis whereas mathematicians use ##\phi##. Your expression for ##V(r,\theta,\phi)## appears to be using the math convention. I just ask because you posted this in the physics section.

No suggestions, by the way. I think you just have to grind it out.
 
  • #3


This problem is from a physics class, and the class doesn't have a book assigned...so I've been looking through my calc iv book to try and get some information. Thanks for pointing out there are different systems, I wasn't aware of that and my professor didn't mention it...
 

FAQ: Find La Placian of a function in cartesian and Spherical Coordinates

1. What is the difference between Cartesian and Spherical coordinates?

Cartesian coordinates use three perpendicular axes (x, y, and z) to describe the position of a point in 3D space. Spherical coordinates, on the other hand, use a combination of radius (r), inclination (θ), and azimuth (φ) to describe the position of a point in 3D space.

2. How do you convert a function from Cartesian to Spherical coordinates?

To convert a function from Cartesian to Spherical coordinates, you need to use the following equations:
x = r sinθ cosφ
y = r sinθ sinφ
z = r cosθ
Simply substitute these equations into your original function to get the equivalent function in Spherical coordinates.

3. What are the steps to find the Laplacian of a function in Cartesian coordinates?

To find the Laplacian of a function in Cartesian coordinates, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the first-order partial derivatives of the function with respect to x, y, and z.
2. Calculate the second-order partial derivatives of the function with respect to x, y, and z.
3. Add the second-order partial derivatives together to get the Laplacian.

4. How do you find the Laplacian of a function in Spherical coordinates?

To find the Laplacian of a function in Spherical coordinates, follow these steps:
1. Convert the function from Cartesian to Spherical coordinates using the equations mentioned in the answer to question 2.
2. Calculate the first-order partial derivatives of the function with respect to r, θ, and φ.
3. Calculate the second-order partial derivatives of the function with respect to r, θ, and φ.
4. Add the second-order partial derivatives together to get the Laplacian in Spherical coordinates.

5. What is the significance of finding the Laplacian of a function in different coordinate systems?

The Laplacian of a function describes the rate of change of that function at any given point. By finding the Laplacian in different coordinate systems, we can understand how the function behaves in different directions and orientations. This is useful in many scientific fields, such as physics and engineering, where understanding the behavior of a system in different coordinate systems is crucial for solving problems and making predictions.

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