Find smallest distance x from y-axis for both constructive & destructive interference to occur

In summary, the smallest distance x from the y-axis for constructive interference occurs at points where the path difference between waves is an integer multiple of the wavelength, while for destructive interference, it occurs at points where the path difference is a half-integer multiple of the wavelength.
  • #1
hraghav
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5
Homework Statement
Two speakers are located a distance 2d apart along the x-axis, where the origin is located at the midpoint between the two speakers. This is shown in the image below. The speakers emit sound with wavelength λ=1.34m. The distance from the origin to either of the speakers is d=6.74m. At distances y≫d, the lines connecting the speakers to the listener can be treated as effectively parallel, similar to two slit diffraction. In such a case, the difference in distance from the speakers to the listening point can be approximated as Δr=2dsinθ, where the angle θ is shown in green in the image above. For the following questions, assume that the listener is at a location
r→=(x,1000m).

a) What is the smallest distance x from the y-axis such that constructive interference occurs?
b) What is the smallest distance x from the y-axis such that destructive interference occurs?
Relevant Equations
For constructive interference: Δr=mλ
For destructive interference: Δr=(m+ 0.5)λ
a) For constructive interference: Δr=mλ where m = 1 for smallest distance
Δr= λ where Δr= 2dsinθ given in the question
so 2dsinθ = λ
θ = sin^-1( λ / 2d) where λ = 1.34m and 2d = 2*6.74 = 13.48m
θ = 5.7049 degrees
tan θ = x/1000
1000*tan(5.7049) = x
x = 99.9013 m

b) For destructive interference: Δr=(m+ 0.5)λ where m = 0 for smallest distance
Δr = 0.5 λ but Δr= 2dsinθ given in the question
2dsinθ = 0.5 λ
sinθ = λ / 4d where λ = 1.34m and 4d = 4*6.74 = 26.96m
θ = 2.8489 degrees

tan θ = x/1000
1000*tan(2.8489) = x
x = 49.76 m

Both these answers are not correct. Could someone please look at these and let me know where is the error?

Thank you

Screenshot 2024-07-25 at 5.18.07 PM.png


Screenshot 2024-07-25 at 5.19.07 PM.png
 
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  • #2
Your work looks correct to me for the case where the listener is depicted by the green ear in the diagram. Do you know what answers you are supposed to get? Did you consider ##x = 0## as a possible answer?
 
  • #3
TSny said:
Your work looks correct to me for the case where the listener is depicted by the green ear in the diagram. Do you know what answers you are supposed to get? Did you consider ##x = 0## as a possible answer?
0 worked for part a ie constructive interference but I still don't have the answer for part b. I can't see the final answers until and unless I don't enter the correct ones.
 
  • #4
hraghav said:
0 worked for part a ie constructive interference but I still don't have the answer for part b. I can't see the final answers until and unless I don't enter the correct ones.
I still don't see any error in your calculation for (b).
 
  • #5
TSny said:
I still don't see any error in your calculation for (b).
Sounds good thank you
 
  • #6
hraghav said:
... but I still don't have the answer for part b. I can't see the final answers until and unless I don't enter the correct ones.
The answer may need to have an appropriate number of significant figures. It depends on the software checking the value.

Four significant figures is excessive. You could try entering the value rounded to 3 sig. figs.
 
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FAQ: Find smallest distance x from y-axis for both constructive & destructive interference to occur

What is constructive interference in the context of waves?

Constructive interference occurs when two or more waves meet and combine to produce a wave of greater amplitude. This happens when the peaks (or troughs) of the waves align, resulting in an increase in the overall intensity of the wave at that point.

What is destructive interference in wave phenomena?

Destructive interference occurs when two or more waves meet and combine in such a way that they cancel each other out, resulting in a wave of lower amplitude. This typically happens when the peak of one wave aligns with the trough of another wave, leading to a reduction in intensity at that point.

How can I determine the smallest distance from the y-axis for constructive interference to occur?

The smallest distance from the y-axis for constructive interference can be found by using the formula for the path difference between the waves. For constructive interference, the path difference must be an integer multiple of the wavelength (nλ, where n is an integer). By applying this condition to the geometry of the setup, you can calculate the specific distance.

How do I find the smallest distance from the y-axis for destructive interference to happen?

For destructive interference, the path difference between the waves must be an odd multiple of half the wavelength ((n + 0.5)λ, where n is an integer). Similar to constructive interference, you can derive the smallest distance from the y-axis by analyzing the path difference and applying this condition to the wave setup.

What factors affect the distances for constructive and destructive interference?

The distances for both constructive and destructive interference are influenced by several factors, including the wavelength of the waves, the angle of incidence, and the medium through which the waves are traveling. Additionally, the geometry of the setup (such as the distance between the sources) will also play a crucial role in determining the specific distances for interference patterns to occur.

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