Parallel refers to two or more lines, planes, or objects that never intersect and always maintain the same distance from each other. Orthogonal, on the other hand, refers to two or more lines, planes, or objects that intersect at a right angle.
In math and science, parallel and orthogonal concepts are used to describe relationships between lines, planes, or objects. They are also used in geometry and trigonometry to calculate angles and distances.
An example of parallel lines in real life is railroad tracks. They always maintain the same distance from each other and never intersect.
An example of orthogonal planes in architecture is a building with rectangular walls. The walls intersect at right angles, creating a stable and sturdy structure.
In computer science, parallel and orthogonal concepts are used in programming to describe algorithms and data structures. They are also used in computer graphics to create 3D objects and scenes.