Finding work done in spherical coordinates

In summary, the work done by the force F=r3*cos2\varphi*sin\varphi*\hat{r} + r3*cos\varphi*cos(2\varphi) \hat{\varphi} from the point (0,0,0) to (2,0,0) is equal to zero since the force along \varphi=0 is zero and there is no motion in the other two coordinates.
  • #1
HeisenbergW
11
0
1. Find the work done by the force F=r3*cos2[itex]\varphi[/itex]*sin[itex]\varphi[/itex]*[itex]\hat{r}[/itex] + r3*cos[itex]\varphi[/itex]*cos(2[itex]\varphi[/itex]) [itex]\hat{\varphi}[/itex]
from the point (0,0,0) to (2,0,0)

Homework Equations


Work=[itex]\int[/itex] F*dr
where dr= dr[itex]\hat{r}[/itex] + rd[itex]\varphi[/itex][itex]\hat{\varphi}[/itex]

The Attempt at a Solution



When muliplying the line element, dr, by the force, F, I come up with
[itex]\int[/itex] r3*cos2[itex]\varphi[/itex]*sin[itex]\varphi[/itex] dr +[itex]\int[/itex] r4*cos[itex]\varphi[/itex]*cos(2[itex]\varphi[/itex]) d[itex]\varphi[/itex]

I believe the r goes from 0 to 2, and there is no change in [itex]\varphi[/itex]

I end up with 4*cos[itex]^{2}[/itex][itex]\varphi[/itex]*sin[itex]\varphi[/itex]
but then when I plug in 0 for [itex]\varphi[/itex], the answer ends up being zero, which I have a hard time believing since it moves from 0 to 2.
Any help is greatly appreciated
Thank You in advance.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
F=r3*cos2[itex]\varphi[/itex]*sin[itex]\varphi[/itex]*[itex]\hat{r}[/itex] + r3*cos[itex]\varphi[/itex]*cos(2[itex]\varphi[/itex]) [itex]\hat{\varphi}[/itex]

What is the force along [itex]\varphi = 0[/itex]?
(This should simplify your line integral.)
 
  • #3
Check the force along the path you are given (because it's really a line integral through a vector field), and it should become fairly simple to see why that is. Notice that your psi component didn't really change in the integral that mattered.
 
  • #4
Thanks for the replies
I believe you are saying that the force along [itex]\varphi[/itex]=0 is just zero along the r component, which is the only component that matters, since there is no motion in the other two coordinates. Since my force is actually zero at [itex]\varphi[/itex]=0, it doesn't matter that I went from (0,0,0) to (2,0,0), since no force means no work.

Am I interpreting your comments correctly?
Thanks for the feedback. Always appreciated.
 
  • #5


Your attempt at a solution is correct. However, when you plug in 0 for \varphi, you are only looking at the work done in the r direction. To find the total work done, you need to integrate over both r and \varphi.

The integral for the work done in the r direction is:
\int_0^2 r^3\cos^2\varphi\sin\varphi dr

To find the total work done, you also need to integrate over \varphi. The integral for the work done in the \varphi direction is:
\int_0^{\pi/2} r^4\cos\varphi\cos(2\varphi) d\varphi

Therefore, the total work done is:
\int_0^2\int_0^{\pi/2} r^3\cos^2\varphi\sin\varphi + r^4\cos\varphi\cos(2\varphi) dr d\varphi

You can solve this integral to find the total work done.
 

FAQ: Finding work done in spherical coordinates

1. What is the formula for finding work done in spherical coordinates?

The formula for finding work done in spherical coordinates is given by W = ∫∫∫ F(r, θ, φ) · dr · dθ · dφ, where F represents the force, r represents the distance from the origin, θ represents the angle from the positive z-axis, and φ represents the angle from the positive x-axis.

2. How do spherical coordinates differ from Cartesian coordinates?

Spherical coordinates use a system of three variables (r, θ, φ) to describe a point in three-dimensional space, whereas Cartesian coordinates use a system of three variables (x, y, z). Spherical coordinates are particularly useful for describing objects with radial symmetry, such as spheres or cones.

3. What are the main advantages of using spherical coordinates to find work done?

The main advantages of using spherical coordinates to find work done include simplifying complex calculations, providing a more intuitive understanding of the physical system, and allowing for easier visualization of the problem at hand.

4. Can spherical coordinates be converted to Cartesian coordinates?

Yes, spherical coordinates can be easily converted to Cartesian coordinates using the following formulas: x = r sin(φ) cos(θ), y = r sin(φ) sin(θ), z = r cos(φ).

5. In what situations is it most useful to use spherical coordinates to find work done?

Spherical coordinates are most useful when dealing with problems that involve radial symmetry, such as gravitational or electrostatic forces, or when working with objects that have spherical or cylindrical shapes. They can also be useful in situations where the physical system is better described using polar angles rather than Cartesian coordinates.

Back
Top