Fluids: Bernoulli's Equation Derivation Question

[Sbee]

TL;DR Summary

Hi,
Studying Bernoulli's equation derivation and am not understanding WHY is the second Force for the larger distance applied in the direction OPPOSITE to the flow of the velocity?

I am using this textbook figure:
https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/14-6-bernoullis-equation

The derivation starts at "We also assume that there are no viscous forces in the fluid, so the energy of any part of the fluid will be conserved. "

I figure that either the Force F2 is applied in the opposite direction because of some kind of resistance, but I'm not sure.
Thanks!

 

[Chestermiller]

Summary:: Hi,
Studying Bernoulli's equation derivation and am not understanding WHY is the second Force for the larger distance applied in the direction OPPOSITE to the flow of the velocity?

I am using this textbook figure:
https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/14-6-bernoullis-equation

The derivation starts at "We also assume that there are no viscous forces in the fluid, so the energy of any part of the fluid will be conserved. "

I figure that either the Force F2 is applied in the opposite direction because of some kind of resistance, but I'm not sure.
Thanks!

What direction do you think the pressure force exerted on the portion of the fluid under consideration by the fluid ahead of it should be acting?

 

[horacio torres]

F2 means the outlet pressure of the system converted to energy

 

[Chestermiller]

F2 means the outlet pressure of the system converted to energy

What does this mean? How can pressure be converted to energy? How does it relate to the direction of F2?

 

[Sbee]

What direction do you think the pressure force exerted on the portion of the fluid under consideration by the fluid ahead of it should be acting?

It should be acting to the right, because the pressure is coming from the left side of the fluid and because the velocity is to the right!

 

[Chestermiller]

It should be acting to the right, because the pressure is coming from the left side of the fluid and because the velocity is to the right!

You're looking at the forces exerted by the surrounding materials on the fluid in the picture. Does pressure exert a pushing force or a pulling force? When you do a force balance on a body, do you include the forces it exerts on surrounding bodies, or only the forces the they exert on it?

 

[sophiecentaur]

It should be acting to the right, because the pressure is coming from the left side of the fluid and because the velocity is to the right!

Think about Newton's 2nd Law. If the gas is traveling slower, which direction must the force be acting, to make this happen? (It may not feel right, intuitively but Newton tells you what really happens.)

 

[Chestermiller]

Think about Newton's 2nd Law. If the gas is traveling slower, which direction must the force be acting, to make this happen? (It may not feel right, intuitively but Newton tells you what really happens.)

I was thinking about Newton's 3rd law. The fluid in the control volume exerts a force of magnitude F2 on the fluid ahead of it, and the fluid ahead of it exerts an equal and opposite force of magnitude F2 on the fluid in the control volume. The latter is the force shown in the OP's diagram.

 

[sophiecentaur]

I was thinking about Newton's 3rd law. The fluid in the control volume exerts a force of magnitude F2 on the fluid ahead of it, and the fluid ahead of it exerts an equal and opposite force of magnitude F2 on the fluid in the control volume. The latter is the force shown in the OP's diagram.

The directions of arrows is always difficult but if we follow the sums, the answer comes out either way. My way of explaining the increase in pressure in the wide section is that ‘something’ must be slowing the emerging fluid. Hence the direction of that something, in my head.

 

[Chestermiller]

The directions of arrows is always difficult but if we follow the sums, the answer comes out either way. My way of explaining the increase in pressure in the wide section is that ‘something’ must be slowing the emerging fluid. Hence the direction of that something, in my head.

I was just thinking that, when we do a free body diagram force balance on a body, we only show the forces that other bodies exert on it, not the forces that it exerts on other bodies.

 

[Sbee]

I'm not sure, I think I have to move on but if I understand it later I'll let you know

 

[Chestermiller]

I'm not sure, I think I have to move on but if I understand it later I'll let you know

Good luck.