Force accelerates center of mass same regardless of where applied?

In summary, the center of mass of a rigid object will always experience the same direction and magnitude of acceleration from a force, regardless of whether the force is applied to the center of the object or to the edge of the object. This is due to the fact that the sum of all internal forces within the object is always zero, as a result of Newton's third law of motion. While some may argue that torque plays a factor in the object's movement, this does not affect the overall acceleration of the center of mass. This is a fundamental principle in physics and can be proven using Newton's laws of motion and the definition of center of mass.
  • #1
EkajArmstro
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Is it true that the center of mass of an object will be accelerated with the same direction and magnitude from the same force no matter if the force is applied to the center of the object or to the edge of the object?

I have heard some people say this is not true because some of the "force" will be used up as torque in making the object spin.

However, from what I remember of high school physics the original statement is true. As far as intuitively understanding this I can picture it being because the side you are pushing is accelerated more but the far side is accelerated less and it averages out to the same center of mass movement.

Sorry if this makes no sense :) Thanks to anyone who can help!
 
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  • #2
You will always have F=ma, no matter where the force on a rigid body is applied (a will then be the center of mass acceleration). Of course, this assumes that you know all the F's (including constraint forces, e.g. normal forces).
 
  • #3
This is true (it doesn't matter if the same force also creates Torque). However your intuitive understanding is abit wrong. It is better to read the proof of this statement in a standard textbook. The proof make use of the 2nd and 3rd Newton laws of motion and of the definition of the center of mass. The key to understand the proof is that the sum of all the internal forces between the various infinitesimal portions of the rigid body is always zero at all times, and that is a consequence of Newtons 3rd law.
 

FAQ: Force accelerates center of mass same regardless of where applied?

What is the principle behind "Force accelerates center of mass same regardless of where applied?"

The principle is known as Newton's Second Law of Motion, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. This means that the center of mass of an object will experience the same acceleration regardless of where the force is applied.

Why is it important to consider the center of mass when applying force?

The center of mass is the point at which an object's mass can be considered to be concentrated. This means that when a force is applied at the center of mass, the object will experience a linear acceleration without any rotation. Considering the center of mass is important in order to accurately predict the motion of an object when a force is applied.

Does the shape or size of an object affect the acceleration of its center of mass?

No, the shape or size of an object does not affect the acceleration of its center of mass as long as the net force applied to the center of mass remains the same. This is because the acceleration of an object's center of mass is determined by the net force and the object's mass, which are independent of its shape or size.

Can the acceleration of an object's center of mass be different from its overall acceleration?

Yes, the acceleration of an object's center of mass can be different from its overall acceleration if there is a net torque acting on the object. In this case, the object will experience both linear and rotational motion, resulting in a different acceleration for its center of mass compared to its overall acceleration.

How does the location of the force affect the acceleration of an object's center of mass?

The location of the force does not affect the acceleration of an object's center of mass as long as the net force remains the same. This is because the center of mass is the point at which all external forces act on the object, so the location of the force does not change the net force acting on the center of mass.

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