Friction problem of a block sandwiched between 2 surfaces

In summary, the friction problem of a block sandwiched between two surfaces involves analyzing the forces acting on the block due to contact with both surfaces. The static and kinetic friction coefficients determine the block's ability to remain at rest or move when a force is applied. The problem typically requires calculating the normal force exerted by the surfaces, as well as the maximum static friction force before motion occurs, which can be influenced by the angle of applied force and the material properties of the surfaces in contact. Understanding this frictional interaction is crucial in applications such as engineering, material science, and physics.
  • #1
vcl0124
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Thread moved from the technical forums to the schoolwork forums
I don't know how to post a picture so I tried my best to describe my question in words.

X is horizontal, Y is vertical and there is no gravity effect.

There is a block is sandwiched by 2 surfaces (top surface and bottom surface). Both surfaces are fixed in X direction and the bottom surface is also fixed in Y direction. There is a downward force N pushing the top surface. The static friction coefficient between block and 2 surfaces are different (let's say u1, u2 and u1<u2). If I pull the block with a X direction force F. My understanding is I need F>N(u1+u2) to make the block start moving. For F<N(u1+u2), there will be static friction (F1 and F2) to cancel F and keep the block static. So my question is F1 and F2 will be in 1:1 ratio (F1 reach the static friction threshold first) or they will be in u1:u2 ratio (F1 and F2 reached the static friction threshold together)?

Looking forward to an answer. Thanks a lot!
 
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  • #2
Welcome to PF.

We are looking forward to an annotated diagram.
There is an "attach files" button below the edit area, that will load a .jpg file.
 
  • #3
Untitled.png


Does this help?
 
  • #4
vcl0124 said:
So my question is F1 and F2 will be in 1:1 ratio (F1 reach the static friction threshold first) or they will be in u1:u2 ratio (F1 and F2 reached the static friction threshold together)?
One surface will slip first, but the other will immediately come into play, so it will appear to be coincident.
The friction force, needed to move the block, will be; F = N * ( u1 + u2 ) .
 
  • #5
Baluncore said:
One surface will slip first, but the other will immediately come into play, so it will appear to be coincident.
The friction force, needed to move the block, will be; F = N * ( u1 + u2 ) .
Thanks a lot! Let me assume some numbers to verify whether I understand you answer correctly. Assume N=1, u1=0.3 and u2=0.5. So the F1 and F2 vs F will be like A plot not B plot. Is it what you mean?
Untitled.png
 
  • #6
The CoF is not relevant, until something slips.
The block will settle, clamped symmetrically between the two surfaces, presumably with the same force from each surface.
Diagram A is more realistic.
 
  • #7
vcl0124 said:
Thanks a lot! Let me assume some numbers to verify whether I understand you answer correctly. Assume N=1, u1=0.3 and u2=0.5. So the F1 and F2 vs F will be like A plot not B plot. Is it what you mean?View attachment 348569
The problem is statically indeterminate:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statically_indeterminate

Note that you also need to satisfy moment equilibrium. So if the static friction forces were different, the normal forces on the block would have to redistribute to counter that. This could lead to edge loading, and the assumptions about the friction coefficient might not be valid anymore.
 
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FAQ: Friction problem of a block sandwiched between 2 surfaces

What is the definition of friction in the context of a block sandwiched between two surfaces?

Friction is the resistance to motion that occurs when two surfaces are in contact. In the context of a block sandwiched between two surfaces, frictional forces act at the interfaces of the block and the surfaces, opposing the relative motion or potential motion of the block.

What factors affect the frictional force on a block between two surfaces?

The frictional force on a block sandwiched between two surfaces is affected by several factors, including the nature of the surfaces (material and texture), the normal force acting on the block (which is related to its weight), and the coefficient of friction, which quantifies the interaction between the two surfaces.

How do you calculate the frictional force acting on the block?

The frictional force can be calculated using the formula: F_friction = μ * N, where F_friction is the frictional force, μ is the coefficient of friction between the surfaces, and N is the normal force acting on the block. The normal force is typically equal to the weight of the block if it is resting on a horizontal surface.

What are the different types of friction that can occur in this scenario?

In the scenario of a block sandwiched between two surfaces, two main types of friction can occur: static friction and kinetic friction. Static friction acts when the block is at rest and prevents it from moving, while kinetic friction acts when the block is sliding over the surfaces. Static friction is usually greater than kinetic friction.

What happens to the frictional force if the surfaces are lubricated?

If the surfaces are lubricated, the frictional force acting on the block will generally decrease. Lubrication reduces the direct contact between the surfaces, which lowers the coefficient of friction and consequently reduces the overall frictional force, allowing for easier motion of the block.

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