Galaxies where V(obs) is less than V(bar)

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In summary, the observed velocities in the SPARC dataset may be lower or higher than expected from baryonic matter due to various factors such as the distribution of dark matter, non-spherical distribution of baryonic matter, or incomplete/inaccurate data or models.
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I'm confused by some galaxies from the SPARC dataset which seem to have velocities which are lower than expected from observed matter, instead of higher
I've been looking through the SPARC dataset (in particular, this part: http://astroweb.case.edu/SPARC/MassModels_Lelli2016c.mrt), and looking at the observed velocities vs velocities expected from baryonic matter.

While in some cases I see the sort of rotation curves I'd expect, with observed velocities higher than expected due to DM:
1679093989916.png
1679093998216.png


In lots of other cases I see the opposite - observed velocities far lower than expected from the baryonic matter:
1679094108188.png
1679094116873.png
1679094125116.png


What is going on here? I assume I'm missing something obvious/doing something wrong, but I can't figure out what...
(graphed here is the Vobs column, and (Vgas + Vdisk + Vbulge) as V(baryonic))
 
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There could be several explanations for this. First, it is possible that the baryonic matter is not distributed in the same way as the dark matter, and therefore the velocity due to baryonic matter is not a good estimate. Additionally, some of the galaxies in the dataset may have more extended dark matter halos than expected, leading to lower observed velocities than expected from the baryonic matter. Finally, it is also possible that the baryonic matter is not distributed in a spherically symmetric way. This could lead to a decrease in the rotational velocity even if the total mass is the same.
 
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It's possible that the observed velocities are actually lower than expected due to baryonic matter because you haven't taken into account the effects of non-baryonic dark matter. Dark matter is believed to make up the majority of the mass in galaxies, and its gravitational influence can cause the observed velocities to be lower than expected. Additionally, if there is a large amount of gas or dust present in the galaxy, this could also reduce the observed velocities. Finally, it's also possible that the data or model you are using is incomplete or inaccurate, resulting in incorrect predictions for the velocities.
 
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Related to Galaxies where V(obs) is less than V(bar)

What does V(obs) less than V(bar) mean in the context of galaxies?

In the context of galaxies, V(obs) refers to the observed rotational velocity of the galaxy, while V(bar) refers to the expected or theoretical rotational velocity based on the distribution of visible matter. When V(obs) is less than V(bar), it suggests that the galaxy is rotating more slowly than predicted by models that only consider visible matter.

Why is it significant when V(obs) is less than V(bar) in galaxies?

This discrepancy is significant because it challenges our understanding of galaxy dynamics and the distribution of mass within galaxies. It may imply the presence of non-visible matter, such as dark matter, or indicate that our models of galaxy formation and behavior need to be revised.

How do scientists measure V(obs) and V(bar) in galaxies?

Scientists measure V(obs) using spectroscopic techniques that analyze the Doppler shift of light emitted by stars and gas within the galaxy. V(bar) is calculated based on the distribution of visible matter, such as stars and gas, often using models that assume certain mass-to-light ratios and other properties of the galaxy.

What are the possible explanations for V(obs) being less than V(bar) in galaxies?

Possible explanations include the presence of dark matter, which affects the gravitational potential and thus the rotational velocity. Alternatively, it could indicate that our understanding of the distribution and behavior of baryonic (visible) matter is incomplete or that there are other astrophysical processes at play that we have yet to fully understand.

How does the observation of V(obs) being less than V(bar) impact our understanding of cosmology?

These observations impact our understanding of cosmology by providing evidence for the existence of dark matter, which makes up a significant portion of the universe's mass. They also prompt refinements in our models of galaxy formation and evolution, potentially leading to new insights into the fundamental forces and particles that govern the universe.

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