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- "God plays dice, stochastically and deterministically." Seeking to support Einstein, I'd like to know how this sentence -- derived from a reading of EPR (1935) -- sits with physicists, mathematicians and philosophers.
Seeking to support Einstein, I'd like to know how the above sentence -- from a reading of EPR (1935)* -- sits with physicists, mathematicians and philosophers.
* EPR (1935), p.777:
"If, without in any way disturbing a system, we can predict with certainty (ie, with probability equal to unity) the value of a physical quantity, then there exists an element of physical reality corresponding to this physical quantity," EPR (1935:777); my emphasis.
By one reading, "corresponding to" does not mean "assuredly pre-existing, and with the identical physical quantity".
(1) It may take that meaning sometimes (typically in classical settings). (2) But in EPR-Bohm experiments, the element of physical reality -- the one that corresponds -- may be deterministically perturbed by the "measurement interaction". That is, the value of "spin-up" may be deterministically brought into existence via that interaction.
So? God plays dice, stochastically and deterministically.
Thanks.
* EPR (1935), p.777:
"If, without in any way disturbing a system, we can predict with certainty (ie, with probability equal to unity) the value of a physical quantity, then there exists an element of physical reality corresponding to this physical quantity," EPR (1935:777); my emphasis.
By one reading, "corresponding to" does not mean "assuredly pre-existing, and with the identical physical quantity".
(1) It may take that meaning sometimes (typically in classical settings). (2) But in EPR-Bohm experiments, the element of physical reality -- the one that corresponds -- may be deterministically perturbed by the "measurement interaction". That is, the value of "spin-up" may be deterministically brought into existence via that interaction.
So? God plays dice, stochastically and deterministically.
Thanks.
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