What factors affect a golf ball's drag and lift besides spin and speed?

In summary, the magnitude and direction of the Magnus force, which affects the flight of a golf ball, can be influenced by factors other than just speed and spin, such as the state of the boundary layer. This can result in variations in the coefficient for drag and lift, as shown in Figure 1 and 2. For a more comprehensive understanding of the elements affecting a ball's trajectory, refer to the website provided.
  • #1
Boyi
1
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Summary: What could affect Magnus force's magnitude and direction except for speed and spin?

Most golf flight simulators model the coefficient for drag (Cd) and lift (Cl) as a function of the relative spin ratio (rsr), where rsr = spin * radius / speed. In Figure 1, parameters of two similar shots are displayed side by side. It can be observed that Cd and Cl are not unique with respect to a same rsr value.

twoShots.JPG

Figure 1.

This is especially obvious in Figure 2, where the parameters of the two shots are mixed, and sorted according to the rsr. We can see that for a same value of rsr, the Cd and Cl can be very different between when the ball is ascending and descending.

sorted.JPG

Figure 2.

I wonder other than rsr, what other factors can affect the drag and lift the ball experiences as it cuts through the air?
 
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  • #2
The state of the boundary layer can play a large role. If it transitions to turbulence at a different location in one part of the flight path than in another, then there is likely to be a different in L and D.
 
  • #3

FAQ: What factors affect a golf ball's drag and lift besides spin and speed?

How does the dimple pattern on a golf ball affect its flight?

The dimple pattern on a golf ball is designed to reduce drag and increase lift, allowing the ball to travel farther and more accurately. The dimples create a thin layer of turbulent air around the ball, which decreases the size of the wake behind the ball and reduces drag. This allows the ball to maintain its speed and trajectory for a longer period of time.

What role does spin have in the flight of a golf ball?

Spin plays a crucial role in the flight of a golf ball. Backspin, created by the grooves on the clubface, creates lift and helps the ball stay in the air longer. Side spin, caused by the angle of the clubface, can cause the ball to curve in a certain direction. The amount and direction of spin can greatly affect the distance and accuracy of a shot.

How does air density affect the flight of a golf ball?

Air density, which is affected by factors such as altitude and temperature, can greatly impact the flight of a golf ball. Higher altitudes and lower temperatures result in thinner air, which creates less resistance and allows the ball to travel farther. Conversely, lower altitudes and higher temperatures create thicker air, resulting in more resistance and shorter shots.

What is the ideal launch angle for maximum distance?

The ideal launch angle for maximum distance varies depending on the club and the golfer's swing speed. Generally, a launch angle between 10-15 degrees is recommended for drivers, while a slightly higher angle of 12-16 degrees is recommended for irons. It is important for golfers to experiment and find the ideal launch angle for their own swing to achieve maximum distance.

How do different types of golf ball construction affect its flight?

Golf balls can be constructed with different layers and materials, which can affect their flight characteristics. For example, a two-piece ball with a solid rubber core and a hard cover will typically produce a lower ball flight with less spin, resulting in longer distance. On the other hand, a multi-layered ball with a softer cover can create more spin and a higher ball flight, allowing for more control and accuracy on approach shots.

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