Gravitational potential energy problem.

In summary, the conversation involves solving for the gravitational potential energy of a satellite in two different circular orbits around Earth, with radii of 2re and 3re. The equation used is Ep = -GMm/r, with the calculated values being -1.56*10^10 J and -1.041969697*10^10 J respectively. The change in gravitational potential energy is determined to be 5180303030 J. The third question asks for the work done in moving the satellite from the first orbit to the second, which is also equal to the change in gravitational potential energy. The final question is to calculate the speed needed to maintain the new orbit, which is found to be 0.000000042
  • #1
Tyyoung
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0

Homework Statement


A satellite with a mass of 5.00 x 10^2 kg is in a circular orbit, whose radius is 2re, around Earth. Then it is moved to a circular orbit with a radius of 3re.

a) Determine the satellite's gravitational potential energy in each orbit.


Homework Equations



Ep= -GMm/r

The Attempt at a Solution



Ep= -GMm/r
= -(6.67*10^-11)(5.98*10^24)(5.00*10^2)/2(6.38*10^6)
Ep= -1.56*10^10

I'm uncertain about that answer, I don't necessarily have a reason to believe it is wrong but I don't trust my judgment on this one. Any feedback as to what I may have done wrong would be greatly appreciated.
(I answered for only the 2re orbit.)
 
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  • #2
Ep= -GMm/r is the right equation, so that answer is right.
 
  • #3
So I got the answer for both 2re and 3re which are
Ep = -1.56*10^10
Ep = -1.041969697*10^10

and then for the next question it asks to determine the change in gravitational potential energy which I'm pretty sure is (Delta)Ep=Ep2-Ep1 which I got 5180303030 J ( I just subtracted the two answers above to arrive at that)

now in the third question it asks me to determine the work done in moving the satellite from the first orbit to the second orbit (2re to 3re) apply energy conservation. Isn't the change in gravitational potential energy also the work?? (Delta)Ep=W=F*d
 
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  • #4
also d) for the same problem asks me to Calculate the speed it would need in order to maintain its new orbit.

I did v = sq.root of Gme/r

so I got v = sq.root of (6.67x10^-11)(500)/3(6.38x10^6)
v = sq.root of 1.742424242x10^-15
v = 0.000000042 m/s
that seems way to small to me, can someone show me where I went wrong pleasezzz.
 

FAQ: Gravitational potential energy problem.

What is gravitational potential energy?

Gravitational potential energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field. It is a form of potential energy because it has the potential to do work when the object is released and falls towards a lower position in the field.

How is gravitational potential energy calculated?

Gravitational potential energy is calculated by multiplying the mass of the object by the acceleration due to gravity and the height of the object in the field. The formula for gravitational potential energy is PE = mgh, where m is the mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height.

What factors affect gravitational potential energy?

The two main factors that affect gravitational potential energy are the mass of the object and its height in the gravitational field. The greater the mass and the higher the object is in the field, the more potential energy it has. The strength of the gravitational field also plays a role.

How does gravitational potential energy change in a system?

In a closed system, gravitational potential energy can be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy. For example, when an object falls towards the ground, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases. However, the total amount of energy in the system remains constant.

What are some real-life applications of gravitational potential energy?

Gravitational potential energy is involved in many everyday situations, such as a roller coaster at the top of a hill, a pendulum swinging back and forth, and a person jumping off a diving board. It is also used in more complex systems, such as hydropower plants that convert the potential energy of water in a dam into electrical energy.

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