Hall Sensor Output for Position of Rotor in BLDC Motor

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In summary, the conversation discusses the use of hall sensors to detect the position of the rotor in a BLDC motor. The sensors are placed 120 degrees apart and produce a 3-phase output that is amplified and digitized to indicate the north or south pole. The output of hall sensor B may be in transition during power on, and it is necessary to read the sensor to determine its position.
  • #1
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Homework Statement
I want to know the hall sensor output in a BLDC motor
Relevant Equations
Trapezoidal control of the BLDC motor
I wanted to understand the output of the hall sensor to detect the position of the rotor in the BLDC motor. The hall sensors are placed 120degrees apart. I downloaded one of the TI application notes and understanding it, and referring to the diagram
1673276502490.png

The rotor North and South is in a single straight line as per the diagram, now in this static condition what is the Hall A value does it read south pole? Hall B reads south or north pole? Please advise.
 

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  • #2
Hall sensors A, B and C produce a 3-phase output that identifies the position of the rotor.
The output voltages from the sensors are amplified and digitized, to indicate if they are more North or South.
In your example; Hall A = South; Hall B = in transition; Hall C = North.
 
  • #3
Yes the output of hall sensor will be 1 for North and 0 for South, but i don't understand when you say transition, because during power on i should know the Hall A, B, C output (from 1 to 5, 0 and 6 being invalid) to know the sector location.
 
  • #4
In transition simply means the Hall sensor B has just switched, or is about to switch, (from North to South, if in clockwise rotation). It is a line-call on the diagram, you must actually read Hall sensor B to know which side of the line it is on. At power on, the motor may not yet be turning.
 

FAQ: Hall Sensor Output for Position of Rotor in BLDC Motor

What is a Hall sensor in a BLDC motor?

A Hall sensor in a BLDC (Brushless DC) motor is a device that detects the magnetic field generated by the rotor's magnets. It provides information about the rotor's position, which is crucial for the motor controller to properly sequence the power to the motor windings and ensure efficient and synchronized operation.

How does a Hall sensor determine the position of the rotor?

A Hall sensor determines the position of the rotor by detecting the magnetic field as the rotor spins. The sensor outputs a voltage signal that varies depending on the magnetic field's strength and polarity. By placing multiple Hall sensors around the rotor, the motor controller can accurately determine the rotor's position and adjust the commutation accordingly.

Why are multiple Hall sensors used in BLDC motors?

Multiple Hall sensors are used in BLDC motors to provide precise information about the rotor's position. Typically, three Hall sensors are placed 120 electrical degrees apart around the rotor. This arrangement allows the motor controller to detect the rotor's position at various points in its rotation, ensuring smooth and efficient commutation and torque production.

What are the typical output signals of Hall sensors in a BLDC motor?

The typical output signals of Hall sensors in a BLDC motor are digital signals that switch between high and low voltage levels. These signals represent the presence or absence of the magnetic field as the rotor passes by the sensors. The combination of high and low signals from the three Hall sensors forms a unique pattern corresponding to specific rotor positions, which the motor controller uses for commutation.

How do Hall sensors improve the performance of BLDC motors?

Hall sensors improve the performance of BLDC motors by providing precise and real-time information about the rotor's position. This allows the motor controller to accurately time the commutation of the motor windings, leading to efficient operation, reduced wear and tear, and better control over speed and torque. Hall sensors also enable smoother starting and stopping of the motor, enhancing overall performance and reliability.

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