Harmonic osilator energy using derivatives

In summary, the problem involves calculating the second derivative of the wave function ψ2 = A(2αx2- 1)e-αx2/2 in order to show that the energy of a simple harmonic oscillator in the n = 2 state is 5Planck constantω/2. After simplifying the expression for the first derivative, the second derivative can be calculated by bringing an αxexp(-1/2αx^2) term outside the brackets and then simplifying the terms inside. This will lead to the desired result.
  • #1
dawozel
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Homework Statement



Show that the energy of a simple harmonic oscillator in the n = 2 state is 5Planck constantω/2 by substituting the wave function ψ2 = A(2αx2- 1)e-αx2/2 directly into the Schroedinger equation, as
broken down in the following steps.

First, calculate dψ2/dx, using A for A, x for x, and a for α.

Second, calculate d2ψ2/dx2.

The Attempt at a Solution


so I got the first derivative correct, it was

A((4*a*x)*exp((-a*x^2)/2) +(2*a*x^2 -1)*(-a*x*exp((-a*x^2)/2)))but i can seem to calculate the second derivative correctly I'm getting
[itex] A((4a)(exp(( - ax^2 ) / 2)) + (4ax) * ( - ax * exp(( - ax^2) /2)) + (4ax) * ( - a xexp(( - ax^2 ) / 2)) + (2ax - 1) (a^2x^2 *exp(( - ax^2 ) / 2))) [/itex]

but this incorrect, am I missing something?
 
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$$\psi_2(x)=A(2\alpha x^2-1)e^{-\frac{1}{2}\alpha x^2}$$
A((4*a*x)*exp((-a*x^2)/2) +(2*a*x^2 -1)*(-a*x*exp((-a*x^2)/2)))
$$\frac{d}{dx}\psi_2(x)=A\left[4\alpha x e^{-\frac{1}{2}\alpha x^2} - (2\alpha x^2 - 1)\alpha x e^{-\frac{1}{2}\alpha x^2}\right]$$... is pretty messy so it will be easier to make mistakes: simplify this expression first. Then try the second derivative.

You can bring an ##\alpha x \exp(-\frac{1}{2}\alpha x^2)## outside the brackets ... then deal with the terms inside the brackets.

After that I suspect it is something you can do.

note: use the "quote" button below this post to see how I got the equations to typeset like that ;)
 
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FAQ: Harmonic osilator energy using derivatives

What is a harmonic oscillator?

A harmonic oscillator is a system that exhibits repetitive oscillations around an equilibrium point. It can be described mathematically as a particle moving back and forth in a potential well, with a restoring force that is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium point.

How is the energy of a harmonic oscillator calculated?

The energy of a harmonic oscillator can be calculated using the equation E = (n + 1/2)ħω, where n is the quantum number and ħ is the reduced Planck's constant. This equation takes into account both the kinetic energy of the particle and the potential energy of the system.

What role do derivatives play in the calculation of harmonic oscillator energy?

Derivatives are used to calculate the potential energy and kinetic energy of a harmonic oscillator. The potential energy is determined by taking the second derivative of the potential function, while the kinetic energy is calculated using the first derivative of the displacement function.

How does the energy of a harmonic oscillator change as the quantum number increases?

As the quantum number increases, the energy of a harmonic oscillator increases in discrete steps. This is because as the quantum number increases, the particle's displacement from the equilibrium point also increases, resulting in a larger potential energy and a higher total energy.

What real-life systems exhibit harmonic oscillator behavior?

Harmonic oscillators can be found in many real-life systems, such as pendulums, springs, and even molecules. In fact, the vibrational motion of molecules can be described using the same mathematical principles as a harmonic oscillator.

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