Heat capacity from dispersion relation

  • #1
dark_matter_is_neat
26
1
Homework Statement
At low temperatures, a 2-d d-wave superconductor can be described as a gas of non-interacting fermions that follow dispersion relation ##E(k) = \sqrt{a^{2}k_{x}^{2}+b^{2}k_{y}^{2}}## where a and b are positive constants. The fermion number is not conserved. Determine how the specific heat of the system depends on temperature.
Relevant Equations
##U = \int_{0}^{\infty} D(E)*E*\frac{1}{e^{\frac{E}{k_{B}T}} + 1} dE##
##C = \frac{dU}{dT}##
For me the part of the problem that is giving me issues is obtaining the density of states, since typically how you would calculate D(E) as D(E) = ##\frac{A}{2 \pi} *k*\frac{dk}{dE}## but this shouldn't work since this assumes angular symmetry in k space which this dispersion relationship doesn't have. This dispersion relation essentially makes an ellipse in k space so the density of states should be ##D(E) = \frac{A}{4 \pi^{2}} * \frac{dk_{x}dk_{y}}{dE}## which I'm not really sure how to calculate. Once I get the density of states it should be pretty trivial to get the temperature dependence of the heat capacity, since after appropriate usage of u substitution the expression for U will work out to just be a constant times some power of T.
 
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  • #2
Since the problem is really just asking about the temperature dependence of the heat capacity I don't really need to consider the pre-factors, So rewriting ##k_{x}## and ##k_{y}## in terms of k as if in polar coordinates, ##E = k\sqrt{a^{2}cos^{2}(\phi) + b^{2}sin^{2}(\phi)}##. So E is proportional to k and thus ##\frac{dk}{dE}## is just some constant and won't add any temperature dependence. From the k-space area element, you get k times some constant and since E is proportional to k, you get E times some constant.

So in the integrand for U you get a factor of ##E^{2}##, so when substituting the variable of integration for ##\frac{E}{k_{B}T}##, you get a factor of ##T^{2}##. After this substitution the integral will just be a constant, so U will just be some constant times ##T^{2}##.

##C = \frac{dU}{dT}##, so ##C = \frac{d}{dT}(constant*T^{2})##, so C is proportional to T.
 

FAQ: Heat capacity from dispersion relation

What is heat capacity and why is it important?

Heat capacity is a physical property that measures the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of a substance by a given amount. It is important because it determines how a material responds to thermal energy, influencing its behavior in various applications such as thermal management, material design, and understanding phase transitions.

What is a dispersion relation?

A dispersion relation is a mathematical relationship that describes how the frequency of a wave (or other oscillatory phenomena) depends on its wave vector (or momentum). In the context of solid-state physics, it provides insights into the behavior of phonons, which are quantized modes of vibrations in a crystal lattice, and is crucial for understanding thermal properties like heat capacity.

How is heat capacity related to the dispersion relation?

Heat capacity can be derived from the dispersion relation by analyzing the phonon modes of a material. The density of states, which indicates how many phonon modes are available at each energy level, is obtained from the dispersion relation. By integrating this density of states with the Bose-Einstein distribution, one can calculate the heat capacity of the material as a function of temperature.

What factors influence heat capacity derived from dispersion relations?

Several factors influence heat capacity when derived from dispersion relations, including the type of material (e.g., metals, insulators, or semiconductors), temperature, phonon interactions, and the presence of defects or impurities in the crystal lattice. Additionally, the dimensionality of the material can significantly affect its phonon spectrum and, consequently, its heat capacity.

Can heat capacity from dispersion relations be experimentally validated?

Yes, heat capacity derived from dispersion relations can be experimentally validated through calorimetry measurements. By comparing the calculated heat capacities obtained from theoretical models based on dispersion relations with experimental data, researchers can confirm the accuracy of their models and gain insights into the underlying physical mechanisms of heat transfer in materials.

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