Height difference in liquids with different densities.

In summary, the problem involves a container with two communicating vessels, one with a square cross section with side 1.0 dm and the other with a side of 2.0 dm. Initially, both parts contain water and the water surfaces are at the same level. A volume of 1 dm^3 of olive oil with a density of 917 kg/m3 is added to the left part of the container, causing it to settle on top of the water. The goal is to find the difference in height, h, between the two water surfaces. By balancing the pressures of the oil cylinder and the remaining water cylinder, h can be determined.
  • #1
zeralda21
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Homework Statement



A container formed according to the figure, as two communicating vessels, is open. Both parts have a square cross section, with side 1.0 dm of the left part and 2.0 dm of the right. From the beginning, the container contains only water, and the two water surfaces is then at same level with each other (left image). 1 dm^3 olive oil, with a density of 917 kg/m3, is poured in the left part of the container, and wait until it settles on top of the water (right image). How big is the difference in height h?

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Homework Equations



F = ρVg

P = F/A=ρVg/A=ρgh

ρ = m/V



The Attempt at a Solution



Converting all information to the same units we get;

F =ρVg = 917*(0.1)^3*9.81≈ 9 N

Using not that the pressure is given by P = F/A=ρgh = 9/(0.1^2)=900=917*9.81*h
which gives h=0.1m=1dm. Wrong solution by far.

What have I actually calculated?
 

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  • #2
You actually do not need to compute the force... just consider a little trick... all the water below the olive oil in the left pipe is in equilibrium with the water in the right pipe which is at the same level. Therefore you just need to balance the pressures of the oil cylinder and the remaining water cylinder :smile:
Also think how you can get the height of the oil cylinder, and how you can express the height of the water one in terms of the unknown h and the height of the oil cylinder, so that you only have one variable...
 

FAQ: Height difference in liquids with different densities.

Why do some liquids have different densities?

Liquids have different densities because of the mass and arrangement of their molecules. The molecules in a liquid with a higher density are packed more closely together, while those in a liquid with a lower density are more spread out.

How does the height difference in liquids with different densities occur?

The height difference occurs because of the principle of buoyancy. A liquid with a higher density will exert a greater force downwards, causing it to displace the liquid with a lower density and rise above it.

What factors affect the height difference in liquids with different densities?

The height difference is affected by the density and volume of the liquids, as well as the strength of the gravitational force acting on them. The shape and size of the container can also play a role.

How does temperature affect the height difference in liquids with different densities?

Temperature can affect the density of a liquid, which in turn can affect the height difference. As the temperature increases, the density of a liquid decreases, causing it to rise above a liquid with a lower density. This is why hot water rises above cold water.

Can the height difference in liquids with different densities be used to measure density?

Yes, the height difference can be used as an indirect measure of density. By measuring the height difference and knowing the volume of the liquids, the density can be calculated using the formula d = m/v, where d is density, m is mass, and v is volume.

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