Help Solving Harmonic Motion Problem

[justagirl]

Can you offer some help on the following question? I've been trying different things for a while but can't get the right answer. Thanks!

At time t = 0, consider a 1/2 wavelength long section of the rope which is carrying the wave y = 0.06 cos(2.1 t - 2.4 x) between two points which have zero displacement (y = 0). Find the total force exerted by the rest of the rope on this section. Neglect any effects due to the weight of the rope. Use the small-angle approximation where q, sin(q), and tan(q) are all approximately equal to each other. A 5 meter length of this rope has a mass of 1.5 kg.

What I have so far:
I know the horizontal components of the Tensions cancel out, so the net force is due to the Y component of the one of the forces times 2. How do I find that?

Thanks a lot!

 

[Andrew Mason]

At time t = 0, consider a 1/2 wavelength long section of the rope which is carrying the wave y = 0.06 cos(2.1 t - 2.4 x) between two points which have zero displacement (y = 0). Find the total force exerted by the rest of the rope on this section. Neglect any effects due to the weight of the rope. Use the small-angle approximation where q, sin(q), and tan(q) are all approximately equal to each other. A 5 meter length of this rope has a mass of 1.5 kg.

The force on the rope is the vector sum of the tensions at each end. Since horizontal tension T is constant,

$$T_1 = T/cos\alpha_1 \text{ and } T_2 = T/cos\alpha2$$

You can determine the slope of the rope at each end (dy/dx) by partial differentiation of the wave function to find $\alpha_1 \text{ and } \alpha2$ where y = 0 (ie. $2.1 t - 2.4 x = \pi/2, 3\pi/2$)

You should be able to determine the speed of the wave from the wave function using the general solution:
$$y = Asin(2\pi/\lambda (x - \nu t))$$

to the wave equation for the ideal string:

$$\frac{\partial ^2y}{\partial x^2} = \frac{\rho}{T}\frac{\partial ^2y}{\partial t^2}$$

and then use
[itex]v = \sqrt{T/\rho} = \lambda \nu [/tex] to find the Tension T.

AM

 

[wais]

Sure, I'd be happy to offer some help with this problem. First, let's review the given information: we have a 1/2 wavelength long section of rope carrying a wave with a displacement function of y = 0.06 cos(2.1 t - 2.4 x). The wave is traveling between two points with zero displacement, and we are asked to find the total force exerted by the rest of the rope on this section. We are also given the mass of a 5 meter length of this rope (1.5 kg).

To solve this problem, we will need to use the equation for the force exerted by a wave on a rope, which is F = μω^2A, where μ is the linear mass density (mass per unit length) of the rope, ω is the angular frequency of the wave, and A is the amplitude of the wave.

First, we need to find the linear mass density of the rope. We are given the mass of a 5 meter length of the rope (1.5 kg), so we can use this to find the mass per unit length: μ = 1.5 kg / 5 m = 0.3 kg/m.

Next, we need to find the angular frequency of the wave. We can use the equation ω = 2πf, where f is the frequency of the wave. Since we are given the equation for the wave (y = 0.06 cos(2.1 t - 2.4 x)), we can see that the frequency is 2.1 Hz. Therefore, ω = 2π(2.1) = 4.2π rad/s.

Finally, we need to find the amplitude of the wave. The amplitude is the maximum displacement of the wave, which in this case is 0.06 meters.

Now, we can plug these values into the equation for force: F = (0.3 kg/m)(4.2π rad/s)^2 (0.06 m) = 0.075π N.

Since the wave is traveling in both directions, the total force exerted by the rest of the rope on this section is twice this amount, or 0.15π N.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.