Help with deriving this diffraction equation

In summary, the formula for the diffraction of a laser can be derived by considering the difference in path lengths between two rays of the incident beam and two rays of the diffracted beam. The correct equation is mλ = d(sinθm-sinθi), where d is the groove spacing, m is the diffraction order, λ is the wavelength of the laser, θi is the angle of incidence, and θm is the angle of diffraction. The article referenced in the conversation may not provide a clear explanation of the derivation process.
  • #1
Emidy
1
0

Homework Statement


Hi! I need help with showing how to derive this formula for the diffraction of a laser:
m λ = d (sin(θm) - sin(θi))

where:
d = groove spacing
m = order of diffraction
λ = wavelength of laser
θi = angle of incidence
θm = angle of diffraction

Homework Equations


I found this site that has diagram and sort of explains it, but not really. Also, their equation is a bit different:
http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/2003-05/1053350704.Ph.r.html"

2. The attempt at a solution
Well... I've tried to understand the website's way of deriving it, but they just say "using trigonometry, you can find that..." blah blah blah, and that doesn't really help.

Any help at all would be appreciated. Thank you!
 
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  • #2
The figure shows two rays (1, 2) of the incident beam, and two ones (1', 2') diffracted by θm. CD is the last common wavefront in the incident beam, and AB is the first common wavefront in the diffracted beam. The ray 1 travels the length AD after the last common wavefront till it reaches the grating and 2' travels the length BC after leaving the grating before it reaches the first common wavefront with 1'. So the difference of path lengths is BC-AD. The formula in the article is wrong.

ehild
 

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Related to Help with deriving this diffraction equation

1. What is a diffraction equation?

A diffraction equation is a mathematical formula that describes the scattering of waves, such as light or sound, as they pass through an aperture or around an object. It takes into account factors such as wavelength, distance, and size of the aperture or object to predict the resulting diffraction pattern.

2. Why is it important to derive a diffraction equation?

Deriving a diffraction equation allows scientists to understand and predict the behavior of waves as they interact with different objects or apertures. This information is crucial in fields such as optics, acoustics, and radio waves, and can help in designing and optimizing various devices and technologies.

3. What are the key components of a diffraction equation?

A diffraction equation typically includes variables such as wavelength (λ), distance from the source (d), and the size of the aperture or object (a). It may also involve constants such as the speed of the wave (c) and the angle of diffraction (θ).

4. How is a diffraction equation derived?

A diffraction equation is derived using mathematical principles and laws, such as Huygens' principle and the superposition principle. It involves analyzing the interference patterns created by waves passing through an aperture or around an object and using trigonometry and calculus to determine the relationship between the variables.

5. What are some real-world applications of a diffraction equation?

The diffraction equation has various real-world applications, including in the design of optical instruments such as telescopes, microscopes, and cameras. It is also used in the study of sound waves and their behavior in different environments, and in the development of radio wave technologies such as antennas and satellite communication systems.

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