Help with Elementary Probability

In summary, the conversation discusses two boxes containing two types of transistors (N and P) and the probability of selecting an N from each box. Part iii) asks for the probability of selecting two N's from the same box if the first one was already selected. The correct answer is 11/14, not 29/35, due to the fact that the selection is done without replacement. The correct calculation is (5/7)(4/6) + (2/7)(1/5) = 11/14.
  • #1
Azherbahai
5
0

Homework Statement



Some Transistors of two different kinds (say N and P) are stored in two boxes. You know that there are 6 N's in one box and that 2 N's and 3 P's got mixed in the other box, but you do not know which box is which.

You select a box and a transistor from it at random and find that it is an N; i) what is the probability that it came from the box with the 6N's ? ii) The other box ? iii) If another transistor is picked form the same box as the first, what is the probability that it is also an N?

My problem is with part iii). The answers for the other two questions I have the correct answer (5/7 and 2/7 respectively)

Homework Equations


[tex] P(A+B)=P(A)+P(B) [/tex] (for mutually exclusive events)
[tex] P_{A}(B)=\frac{P(AB)}{P(A)} [/tex] (conditional probability)
[tex] P(AB)={P(A)}\cdot{P_{A}(B)}= {P(B)}\cdot{P_{B}(A)}[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


iii) Probability = P(two N's from 6N box or two N's from other box)= P(two N's from 6N box)+P(two N's from other box) (this is because we have mutually exclusive events)
[tex]P={\frac{5}{7}}\cdot{\frac{1}{1}}+{\frac{2}{7}} \cdot {\frac{2}{5}} [/tex]
[tex] P= \frac{29}{35} [/tex]

The reasoning is as follows: We have two mutually exclusive events (two N's from first box or two N's from second box) so we can either pick an N from the first box and then pick another from said box which means probability of 5/7 OR we may pick an N from the second box first and THEN another N from same box which gives us probability of event as (2/7)(2/5).

unfortunately, the answer is 11/14 but i don't know why or what I am doing wrong. This question is really annoying me. It is from Mathematical Methods for the Physical Sciences by Mary Boas question 3.20 for chapter 15. This is not a homework assignment, I am trying to relearn probability for Stat Mech.

Also, this is my first post so please be gentle.
 
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  • #2
In iii) if you have picked the 2N 3P box and you've already picked one N out of it, the probability of the next one being N isn't 2/5.
 
  • #3
hmmm ... right you are ... I wonder why i didnt catch that. I did not consider that this was without replacement. Cool Thanks a lot dude.
 

FAQ: Help with Elementary Probability

What is elementary probability?

Elementary probability is a branch of mathematics that studies the likelihood of events occurring. It involves using basic principles and rules to calculate the chance of a specific outcome happening.

How is elementary probability different from advanced probability?

Elementary probability deals with simple, discrete events with a limited number of outcomes, while advanced probability deals with more complex, continuous events with an infinite number of outcomes. Elementary probability also uses basic concepts and calculations, while advanced probability involves more advanced mathematical techniques.

What are some examples of elementary probability?

Some examples of elementary probability include flipping a coin, rolling a die, and drawing a card from a deck. These events have a finite number of possible outcomes and each outcome has an equal chance of occurring.

How do you calculate the probability of an event in elementary probability?

To calculate the probability of an event in elementary probability, you divide the number of favorable outcomes by the total number of possible outcomes. This gives you a fraction or decimal between 0 and 1, which represents the likelihood of that event occurring.

Why is elementary probability important?

Elementary probability is important because it helps us make decisions and predictions based on the likelihood of events occurring. It is used in various fields such as statistics, finance, and science to analyze data and make informed decisions. Understanding elementary probability also helps build a foundation for more advanced mathematical concepts.

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