How can the virial theorem be applied to a quantum particle in one dimension?

In summary, the conversation was about a quantum particle in one dimension experiencing a potential and how to show that in a stationary state, the expectation value of the derivative of the potential with respect to position is equal to the expectation value of the squared momentum divided by twice the mass. The hint was to consider the time dependence of the expectation value of the product of position and momentum. The reference provided a solution using the virial theorem, but the person was still confused and asked for more hints or suggestions. Another reference was provided for further clarification.
  • #1
subny
16
0

Homework Statement


A quantum particle, i.e. a particle obeying Schrodinger equation and
moving in one dimension experiences a potential ˆV (x). In a stationary state
of this system show that

⟨x∂/∂x(ˆV(x)⟩ = ⟨ˆp2/2m⟩

Hint: Consider the time dependence of ⟨ˆxˆp⟩.


Homework Equations



I was told the answer would be some variation of the virial theorem as proven here - http://www7b.biglobe.ne.jp/~kcy05t/viriproof.html#qua

but i do not get the connection

The Attempt at a Solution



I was thinking of doing it as per the hint - by trying to find the d/dt of <^x^p>

(something prefixed by a "^" signifies an operator - i.e "^p" is the momentum operator etc
 
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  • #2
just go with d/dt<x.p> and prove that <x.p> for stationary state is independent of time.Use the formula from the reference you already have for d/dt<O>,where O is some operator.
EDIT-wait,does not that reference already has solution.
 
Last edited:
  • #3
hi

so i am confused now - does the reference already have the soln - i don't even see it !
 
  • #4
hmm... any other hints or suggestions.

Thanks
 

FAQ: How can the virial theorem be applied to a quantum particle in one dimension?

What is the Virial theorem?

The Virial theorem is a mathematical principle that relates the average kinetic and potential energies of a system in equilibrium. It states that the average kinetic energy is equal to half of the average potential energy.

How is the Virial theorem related to Hamiltonian mechanics?

The Virial theorem is derived from the Hamiltonian mechanics, which is a mathematical framework for describing the dynamics of a system in terms of its energy. The Hamiltonian is the total energy of the system, and the Virial theorem is a consequence of this energy conservation.

What is the significance of the Virial theorem in physics?

The Virial theorem is used in many areas of physics, including astrophysics, statistical mechanics, and thermodynamics. It provides a way to calculate the average energy of a system and can help predict the behavior of complex systems.

How is the Virial theorem used in astrophysics?

In astrophysics, the Virial theorem is used to study the equilibrium and stability of systems such as galaxies, star clusters, and gas clouds. It helps determine the average kinetic and potential energies of these systems, which can provide insights into their formation and evolution.

Can the Virial theorem be applied to non-equilibrium systems?

While the Virial theorem is most commonly used for systems in equilibrium, it can also be applied to some non-equilibrium systems. However, in these cases, additional considerations and assumptions may need to be made in order to use the theorem.

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