How do charges in a wall cancel out incoming electromagnetic waves?

In summary, light waves do not exist on the other side of a wall because the electrical and magnetic fields there are zero. This is due to the charges in the wall moving in response to the incoming wave, canceling out the electric fields. Thinking of photons as bullets is not an accurate comparison, as photons do not behave like particles.
  • #1
k9b4
109
2
I think that a wall does not actually stop light, I think the electromagnetic waves exist on the other side of the wall, but the charges in the wall provide their own electromagnetic field, such that charges on the other side of the wall feel both forces at the same time and 'cancel out'.

Is this correct?
 
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  • #2
I would think of photons as bullets.
If you have a strong enough bullet (enough energy), it will go through the wall. otherwise, not so much.
 
  • #3
k9b4 said:
I think that a wall does not actually stop light, I think the electromagnetic waves exist on the other side of the wall, but the charges in the wall provide their own electromagnetic field, such that charges on the other side of the wall feel both forces at the same time and 'cancel out'.

Is this correct?

Not quite, but you have the right idea. The waves do not exist on the other side of the wall because the intensity of the electrical and magnetic fields there is zero - there is no wave, just as there are no water waves on the surface of a still pond. However, the intensity is zero for pretty much the reason that you give: the charges in the wall move around in response to the incoming wave in such a way that their electric fields always exactly cancel that of the incoming wave.
 
  • #4
elegysix said:
I would think of photons as bullets.
If you have a strong enough bullet (enough energy), it will go through the wall. otherwise, not so much.

Photons do not behave even slightly like bullets, and thinking of light as a stream of photons is almost guaranteed to lead to confusion and misunderstanding. For example: A wall of glass will not stop a beam of visible light (that's why we use glass in windows, right?) but it will stop a beam of ultraviolet light - yet the photons of ultraviolet light have more energy than the photons of visible light.

(So that's what a photon is not. More likely, you want to know what a photon is... Try searching the quantum mechanics forum here with keywords like "photon particle", "photon bullet", "photon grain" and you'll find some posts about that).
 
  • #5
Nugatory said:
Not quite, but you have the right idea. The waves do not exist on the other side of the wall because the intensity of the electrical and magnetic fields there is zero - there is no wave, just as there are no water waves on the surface of a still pond. However, the intensity is zero for pretty much the reason that you give: the charges in the wall move around in response to the incoming wave in such a way that their electric fields always exactly cancel that of the incoming wave.
Cool, thanks for explaining.
 

FAQ: How do charges in a wall cancel out incoming electromagnetic waves?

What is light?

Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye. It is made up of tiny particles called photons that travel in waves at the speed of light.

How does light travel?

Light travels in a straight line, in a constant speed of 299,792,458 meters per second. It can travel through a vacuum, like outer space, or through a medium, such as air or water.

What happens when light hits a wall?

When light hits a wall, it can be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted. This depends on the material of the wall and the angle at which the light hits it.

Why does a wall stop light?

A wall stops light because the material of the wall absorbs or reflects the light that hits it. The photons of light are either absorbed into the material or bounce off its surface, causing the light to stop and not pass through the wall.

Can light pass through any type of wall?

No, light cannot pass through all types of walls. Transparent materials, such as glass, allow light to pass through, while opaque materials, like a brick wall, do not allow light to pass through. The composition and density of the material determine whether or not it will allow light to pass through.

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