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hgfalling said:It seems that they are evaluating the integral directly using the calculus of residues from complex analysis.
The Fourier Transform is a mathematical tool used to analyze signals and data in the frequency domain. It decomposes a signal into its individual frequency components, allowing for a better understanding of the signal's behavior.
The Fourier Transform is applied by taking a function or signal in the time domain and transforming it into the frequency domain. This is done using a mathematical formula, which calculates the amplitude and phase of each frequency component present in the signal.
The Fourier Transform converts a signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, while the Inverse Fourier Transform converts a signal from the frequency domain back to the time domain. Essentially, the two transforms are inverse operations of each other.
The Fourier Transform has many applications in various fields, including signal processing, image processing, audio and video compression, and data analysis. It is also used in solving differential equations and in quantum mechanics.
The Fourier Transform assumes that a signal is periodic, which may not always be the case in real-world applications. It also has limited time and frequency resolution, meaning that it may not accurately capture rapid changes in a signal. Additionally, the Fourier Transform cannot analyze signals that are not stationary, meaning that their frequency components change over time.