How Do You Calculate the Initial Acceleration of a Rod's Center of Mass?

In summary, the question involves a uniform rod of length 1.15 m attached to a frictionless pivot at one end and released from rest at an angle of 21.0° above the horizontal. The task is to find the magnitude of the initial acceleration of the rod's center of mass. Using the expression for moment of inertia for a uniform rod with a pivot at its end, the initial acceleration is calculated to be 2.63 m/s^2, but this is found to be incorrect due to a mistake in using the sine function instead of cosine. The correct initial acceleration is determined to be 2.63 m/s^2.
  • #1
WillP
8
0
Pivot point on a Uniform Rod and Acceleration

I'm stuck on this question, which seems like it should be fairly simple:

A uniform rod of length 1.15 m is attached to a frictionless pivot at one end. It is released from rest from an angle theta = 21.0° above the horizontal. Find the magnitude of the initial acceleration of the rod's CM.
theres a graphic of it here:
http://capaserv.physics.mun.ca/msuphysicslib/Graphics/Gtype20/prob28_1012rod.gif

ok so what I've done so far is:
Rmg(sinθ) = Iα
Rmg(sinθ) = (1/3)mL^2α

getting the expression I = (1/3)mL^2 from my textbook for a uniform rod with a pivot at its end.

working that out I get:
(0.575)(9.8)(sin21) = (1/3)(1.15)^2 α
α = 4.58 rad/s

then converting α to a with:
a = Rα
a = (.575)(4.58)
a = 2.63 m/s^2

but apparently this isn't right.
can anyone help me out?
 
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  • #2
nevermind... my stupid mistake should have used cos instead of sin :redface:
 
  • #3


The rotational moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to rotational motion, similar to how mass is a measure of an object's resistance to linear motion. It is dependent on the object's mass distribution and the distance of the mass from the axis of rotation. In this case, the uniform rod has a moment of inertia given by I = (1/3)mL^2, where m is the mass of the rod and L is its length.

To find the initial acceleration of the rod's center of mass, we can use the rotational dynamics equation Rmg(sinθ) = Iα, where R is the distance from the pivot point to the center of mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, θ is the initial angle above the horizontal, I is the moment of inertia, and α is the angular acceleration.

Substituting in the known values, we get (0.575)(9.8)(sin21) = (1/3)(1.15)^2α. Solving for α, we get α = 4.58 rad/s^2.

To find the linear acceleration of the center of mass, we can use the relation a = Rα, where a is the linear acceleration and R is the distance from the pivot point to the center of mass. Substituting in the values, we get a = (0.575)(4.58) = 2.63 m/s^2.

Your calculations look correct, so it's possible that there may be a mistake in the given values or the problem statement. Double check the given values and make sure they are correct. If they are, then your solution is correct.
 

FAQ: How Do You Calculate the Initial Acceleration of a Rod's Center of Mass?

What is a rotational moment of inertia?

A rotational moment of inertia, also known as moment of inertia or angular mass, is a measure of an object's resistance to rotational motion. It is a physical property that determines how difficult it is to change the rotation of an object around a given axis.

How is rotational moment of inertia calculated?

The rotational moment of inertia is calculated by multiplying the mass of an object by the square of its distance from the rotational axis. This can be represented by the formula I = mr², where I is the moment of inertia, m is the mass, and r is the distance from the axis.

What factors affect the rotational moment of inertia?

The rotational moment of inertia is affected by the mass and distribution of mass of an object. Objects with larger masses and more spread out mass distributions have higher moments of inertia, making it more difficult to change their rotational motion.

How does rotational moment of inertia relate to rotational kinetic energy?

The rotational moment of inertia is a crucial factor in determining the rotational kinetic energy of an object. A higher moment of inertia means that more energy is required to change the object's rotational motion, and thus the object will have a higher rotational kinetic energy.

How is rotational moment of inertia used in real-world applications?

Rotational moment of inertia is used in a variety of real-world applications, such as in engineering and physics. It is used to design and analyze the motion of objects, such as in creating stable and balanced structures. It is also used in calculating the performance and efficiency of machines, such as in the design of engines and turbines.

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