How Do You Find the Electric Potential of a Uniformly Charged Rod?

In summary, the problem asks to find the electric potential at point P1 on the x-axis, given a thin plastic rod of length 11.8 cm and uniform positive charge 58.9 fC. By using the formula dq = \lambdadx and substituting in values, the integral \intdV = k \int \lambda/ (d+L) dL is obtained. However, in order to solve for the correct potential, the definite integral must be evaluated with appropriate limits, resulting in a potential of -0.008439 V.
  • #1
seraphimhouse
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Homework Statement



The figure shows a thin plastic rod of length L = 11.8 cm and uniform positive charge Q = 58.9 fC lying on an x axis. With V = 0 at infinity, find the electric potential at point P1 on the axis, at distance d = 3.45 cm from one end of the rod.

http://edugen.wiley.com/edugen/courses/crs1650/art/qb/qu/c24/qu_24_30.gif

Homework Equations



dq = [tex]\lambda[/tex]dx

[tex]\lambda[/tex] = Q/L

[tex]\int[/tex]dV = dq/r

The Attempt at a Solution



so after doing some substitutions i get

[tex]\int[/tex]dV = k [tex]\int[/tex] [tex]\lambda[/tex]/ (d+L) dL

Simplifying it I get:

[tex]\int[/tex]dV = k[tex]\lambda[/tex][tex]\int[/tex]1/(d+L) dL

After U-Sub I get:

k[tex]\lambda[/tex]ln(d+L)

Plugging all the values in I would get -0.008439 V. But it seems to be wrong. I'm sure it's somewhere around my integration that I messed up on. Any help would be great.

Thanks!
 
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  • #2
Hello seraphimhouse,

The limits of integration are important on this one. It seems you've evaluated the indefinite integral, but you need to evaluate the definite integral over the correct limits.

I'm guessing you are new to [tex] \LaTeX [/tex], so you can use my equation below as a template if you're unfamiliar on how to write the limits on the integral sign (if you'd like).

[tex] V = \int _{l=a} ^b \frac{k \lambda}{(d+l)}dl [/tex]

Of course, you need to choose appropriate values for a and b. And then evaluate the expression, once you have solved the indefinite integral (through substitution, like you've already done).

(Hint: the resulting expression, when evaluated with the bottom limit, is not zero! :wink:)
 

FAQ: How Do You Find the Electric Potential of a Uniformly Charged Rod?

What is electric potential?

Electric potential is a measure of the potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field. It is also known as voltage and is measured in volts (V). It represents the amount of work that must be done to move a unit charge from one point to another against the electric field.

How is electric potential calculated?

Electric potential is calculated using the equation V = kQ/r, where V is the electric potential, k is the Coulomb's constant, Q is the charge, and r is the distance from the point charge. This equation assumes a point charge and can be generalized for more complex charge distributions using integration.

What is the unit of electric potential?

The unit of electric potential is the volt (V). It is a derived unit in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one joule per coulomb (J/C). In terms of base SI units, it is equal to one kilogram meter squared per second cubed per ampere (kg·m^2·s^-3·A^-1).

How does electric potential relate to electric field?

The electric potential is related to the electric field by the equation E = -∇V, where E is the electric field, ∇ is the gradient operator, and V is the electric potential. This means that the electric field is the negative gradient of the electric potential. In simpler terms, the electric field points in the direction of decreasing potential.

What is the difference between electric potential and electric potential energy?

Electric potential is a measure of the potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field. It is a property of the electric field itself. On the other hand, electric potential energy is the potential energy of a charge due to its position in an electric field. It is the amount of work that must be done to bring a charge from infinity to a specific point in the electric field. Electric potential energy is a property of the charge and not the electric field.

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