How Does a Deuteron Splitting in a Cyclotron Affect Particle Trajectories?

In summary, a deuteron with a kinetic energy of mv² will divide into a proton and neutron with equal kinetic energies of mv²/2 each. The proton will follow an orbit with half the radius of the deuteron's original orbit, while the neutron will continue in a straight line due to its lack of charge. Linear momentum will be conserved in this process.
  • #1
pc2-brazil
205
3

Homework Statement


A deuteron moves through the magnetic field of a cyclotron, in an orbit of 50 cm radius. Due to the slight collision with a target, the deuteron divides into a proton and a neutron, with a negligible loss of kinetic energy. Discuss the subsequent movements of each particle. Suppose that, in the break, the energy of the deuteron is evenly divided between the proton and the neutron.

Homework Equations


Radius of an orbit of a particle of charge |q| inside a magnetic field B (the velocity is perpendicular to the vector B):
[tex]r = \frac{mv}{|q|B} [/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


The proton has charge +e and the neutron is neutral. If the mass of the deuteron is 2m, then its kinetic energy is 2mv²/2 = mv². The mass of the proton and the neutron is m (half the mass of the deuteron). The kinetic energy of each particle (proton and neutron) after the collision will be half the energy of the original particle; thus, it will be mv²/2. So, the velocity of the neutron and the proton will be v.
Then, if the radius of the deuteron's orbit is r, the proton will follow an orbit of radius r/2 and the neutron will follow a straight line, since it has no charge.
If the division of the deuteron happens in a very small time interval, I think that the linear momentum can be considered approximately constant; then, I would be able to apply linear momentum conservation. If I call m the mass of the proton, the initial momentum is 2mv and the final momentum of each particle is mv.
So, the velocities of the neutron and the proton will have the same direction, so that the magnitude of the sum of the linear momenta of the two particles is 2mv (equal to the initial linear momentum).
Is this correct?

Thank you in advance.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Yes, it all sounds correct to me.
 

Related to How Does a Deuteron Splitting in a Cyclotron Affect Particle Trajectories?

1. What is a magnetic field?

A magnetic field is a region in space where magnetic forces can be observed. It is created by moving electric charges, such as those found in magnets or electric currents.

2. How is a magnetic field measured?

Magnetic fields are measured using a device called a magnetometer. This device can detect the strength and direction of a magnetic field at a specific location.

3. What are the units of measurement for magnetic fields?

The most common unit for measuring magnetic fields is the Tesla (T), named after inventor Nikola Tesla. Another unit commonly used is the Gauss (G), with 1 T being equal to 10,000 G.

4. How is the direction of a magnetic field determined?

The direction of a magnetic field is determined by the orientation of the magnetic field lines. These lines always point from the north pole of a magnet to the south pole, and the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of the current in a wire.

5. What are some practical applications of magnetic fields?

Magnetic fields have a wide range of practical applications. They are used in electric motors, generators, MRI machines, and compasses. They are also used in various industries, such as mining, to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials.

Back
Top