How Does Centripetal Acceleration Affect an Astronaut's Motion in a Centrifuge?

In summary, an astronaut is rotated in a horizontal centrifuge at a radius of 3.0 m with a centripetal acceleration of 8.0g. The astronaut's speed is 15.34 m/s and the required frequency is 0.81 rev/s or 48.6 rev/min. The period of the motion is 0.81 s.
  • #1
mbrmbrg
496
2
An astronaut is rotated in a horizontal centrifuge at a radius of 3.0 m.
(a) What is the astronaut's speed if the centripetal acceleration is 8.0g?
(b) How many revolutions per minute are required to produce this acceleration?
(c) What is the period of the motion?

I got the question all wrong, all wrong... la-la la... ROAR!

for part a) I used the equation [itex]a=\frac{v^2}{r}[/itex] which rearranges into [itex]v= \sqrt{ar}[/itex]. Plug in my values and get [itex]v=\sqrt{(8.0)(9.81m/s^2)(3.0m)}=15.34[/itex]

This gets used for parts b and c, which is why I'd get those wrong, too...

What I did for part c) is [itex]T= \frac{2\pi r}{v}[/itex] [itex]= \frac{6\pi}{15.34}[/itex] [itex]= 0.81[/itex].

And part b) asks for frequency, which is 1/T so I plugged in for [itex]f=\frac{v}{2\pi\r}[/itex]
 
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  • #2
RPM is not frequency.
 
  • #3
Right, the units don't line up. Oops. Is frequency rev/sec, though? So to get from frequency to rev/min, multiply frequency by 60s/min?

But I still don't know why my velocity is off, so I can't get the right answer anyway.
 
  • #4
OK, got it. the problem with velocity is that WebAssign wanted 3 figures even though sig-figs only required 2.
 

FAQ: How Does Centripetal Acceleration Affect an Astronaut's Motion in a Centrifuge?

What is uniform circular motion?

Uniform circular motion is a type of motion in which an object moves along a circular path at a constant speed.

What is the difference between uniform circular motion and non-uniform circular motion?

The main difference between uniform circular motion and non-uniform circular motion is that in uniform circular motion, the speed of the object remains constant while its direction changes, whereas in non-uniform circular motion, both the speed and direction of the object are changing.

How is uniform circular motion related to centripetal force?

In uniform circular motion, there must be a net force acting towards the center of the circle to keep the object moving in a circular path. This force is known as centripetal force and is directly proportional to the square of the object's speed and inversely proportional to the radius of the circle.

What are some real-life examples of uniform circular motion?

Some examples of uniform circular motion in everyday life include the motion of a spinning top, the movement of the hands on a clock, and the orbit of planets around the sun.

How is angular velocity related to uniform circular motion?

Angular velocity is a measure of how quickly an object is rotating around its center. In uniform circular motion, the angular velocity is constant, meaning the object is rotating at a steady rate around a fixed point.

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