How to Color a Torus in LaTeX?

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  • Thread starter thatboi
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thatboi
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Hey all,
I have been looking into drawing a torus in LaTeX and came across the post Torus with lines winding along different axis, where the response by user194703 involved the following block of code (which I have very slightly edited)
Code:
\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
% based on 
% [URL]https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/199715[/URL]
% [URL]https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/485833[/URL]
% [URL]https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/485494[/URL]
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16,width=16cm,
}
\tikzset{declare function={torusx(\u,\v,\R,\r)=cos(\u)*(\R + \r*cos(\v)); 
torusy(\u,\v,\R,\r)=(\R + \r*cos(\v))*sin(\u);
torusz(\u,\v,\R,\r)=\r*sin(\v);
vcrit1(\u,\th)=atan(tan(\th)*sin(\u));% first critical v value
vcrit2(\u,\th)=180+atan(tan(\th)*sin(\u));% second critical v value
vtest(\u,\v,\az,\el)=sin(-vcrit1(\u-\az,\el)+\v);
disc(\th,\R,\r)=((pow(\r,2)-pow(\R,2))*pow(cot(\th),2)+% 
pow(\r,2)*(2+pow(tan(\th),2)))/pow(\R,2);% discriminant
umax(\th,\R,\r)=ifthenelse(disc(\th,\R,\r)>0,asin(sqrt(abs(disc(\th,\R,\r)))),0);
}}
\pgfplotsset{visible stretch/.style={restrict expr to domain={vtest(atan2(rawy,rawx),%
ifthenelse(veclen(rawx,rawy)>\R,asin(rawz/\r),180-asin(rawz/\r)),\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/view/az},\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/view/el})}{-0.05:1.1}},
hidden stretch/.style={restrict expr to 
domain={vtest(atan2(rawy,rawx),%
ifthenelse(veclen(rawx,rawy)>\R,asin(rawz/\r),180-asin(rawz/\r)),\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/view/az},\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/view/el})}{-1.1:0.05}}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\R}{4}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{1.2}
\pgfplotsset{view={35}{60},axis lines=none,}
\matrix{
\begin{axis}[]
    \pgfplotsinvokeforeach{0,10,...,350}  
    {\addplot3[samples y=0,domain=0:361,smooth,samples=71,ultra thin,gray!50]  
        ({torusx(x,#1+x/12,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusy(x,#1+x/12,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusz(x,#1+x/12,\R,\r)});
     \addplot3[samples y=0,domain=0:360,smooth,samples=71,ultra thin,gray!50]  
        ({torusx(#1,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusy(#1,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusz(#1,x,\R,\r)});
    }
    \pgfplotsinvokeforeach{0,10,...,350}  
    {\addplot3[samples y=0,domain=0:361,smooth,samples=71,visible stretch,very
    thin,gray]  
        ({torusx(x,#1+x/12,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusy(x,#1+x/12,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusz(x,#1+x/12,\R,\r)});
    \addplot3[samples y=0,domain=0:360,smooth,samples=71,visible stretch,very
    thin,gray]  
        ({torusx(#1,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusy(#1,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusz(#1,x,\R,\r)});}
    \addplot3[samples y=0,domain=0:360,smooth,samples=71,opacity=0.6,
        purple,very thick,dashed]  
        ({torusx(-60,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusy(-60,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusz(-60,x,\R,\r)}); 
    \addplot3[samples y=0,domain=0:360,smooth,samples=71,visible
    stretch,purple,very thick,dashed]  
        ({torusx(-10,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusy(-10,x,\R,\r)}, 
        {torusz(-10,x,\R,\r)}); 
\end{axis} \\ };
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
The image produced I have also attached. The 2 dashed circles effectively create 2 sections along the torus and I wish to fill the surface of these sections with 2 different colors. If anyone could teach me how to do so I would greatly appreciate it as I am relatively new to drawing 3d graphics via tikz.
 

Attachments

  • Example_torus (1)-1.png
    Example_torus (1)-1.png
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Related to How to Color a Torus in LaTeX?

1. How do I install the necessary packages to color a torus in LaTeX?

To color a torus in LaTeX, you typically need the `tikz` and `pgfplots` packages. You can install them by including the following lines in the preamble of your LaTeX document:

\usepackage{tikz}\usepackage{pgfplots}\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}\usetikzlibrary{3d}
These packages provide the necessary tools to create and color 3D shapes like a torus.

2. What is the basic code to draw a torus in LaTeX?

Here is a basic example of how to draw a torus using TikZ:

\documentclass{standalone}\usepackage{tikz}\usetikzlibrary{3d}\begin{document}\begin{tikzpicture}  \draw[thick] (0,0) circle (2);  \foreach \i in {0,30,...,330}    \draw[thick] (\i:2) circle (0.5);\end{tikzpicture}\end{document}
This code creates a simple 2D representation of a torus. For a more realistic 3D torus, additional code and packages are required.

3. How can I add color to the torus?

To add color to the torus, you can use the `fill` option in TikZ. Here is an example:

\documentclass{standalone}\usepackage{tikz}\usetikzlibrary{3d}\begin{document}\begin{tikzpicture}  \fill[blue!50] (0,0) circle (2);  \foreach \i in {0,30,...,330}    \fill[red!50] (\i:2) circle (0.5);\end{tikzpicture}\end{document}
This code colors the main circle blue and the smaller circles red. You can adjust the colors using different color names and percentages.

4. How can I create a 3D torus with shading in LaTeX?

Creating a 3D torus with shading involves more complex code. Here is an example using `pgfplots`:

\documentclass{standalone}\usepackage{pgfplots}\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}\usetikzlibrary{3d}\begin{document}\begin{tikzpicture}  \begin{axis}[view={60}{30}, hide axis]
		

	









	
			

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